СЕРИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ НАУК
Издатель: Издательский дом Беларуская навука, Минск, Республика Беларусь
| Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси СЕРИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ НАУК Издатель: Издательский дом Беларуская навука, Минск, Республика Беларусь |
Summary: Experimenting with the leaves of 87 woody plant species the authors studied the changes in the concentration of chlorophyll a, b and carotinoids as well as photosynthetic pigment ratio under the effect of environmental pollutant HC1. It was established that various plant species responded to the pollutant in a different way. Four groups of plant species were indicated: 1 -- very tolerant to HCl; 2 -- tolerant to HCl, 3 -- middle tolerant to HCl; 4 -- low tolerant to HCl. Plant species that demonstrated high level of tolerance to HC1 were the most promising for the environment optimization by means of landscaping.
Zadvornova J. V., Alekseichuk H. N., Solonenko J. A., Laman N. A.
The simulation of the ageing process for cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.) seeds. pp. 13--18
Summary: Accelerated aging conditions for seeds of cabbage and carrot have been determined. They are based on storage of seeds under the controlled level of moisture content and air temperature. Accelerated ageing of seeds in laboratory environment with following evaluation of germination rate is an informative methodology for studying physiological quality of seeds.
Sudnik A. F., Deeva V. P.
Albuminous exchange relevant to separate barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes under the effect of phytoregulators and fungicides. pp. 19--28
Summary: We show how 'vintsit' fungicidal preparation and plant growth regulators (emistime C, epibrassinolide) interact in separate reactions of albuminous metabolism of varieties and isoplasmic barley lines at the initial developmental stages. We also describe the peculiarities of the effect rendered by 'vintsit' and plant growth regulators under the above conditions. Phytoregulators differently reduced phytotoxic fungicide influence at the level of gene transcription and hydrolytic protein splitting depending on fungicide doze, preparation properties and genotypes. We discuss the role of a nucleus and cytoplasm in the response reaction to both separate and combined use of preparations.
Volynets A. P., Goncharik N. N.
The effect of the separate and combined use of phytoregulators on wheat ear development and wheat (Triticum aestivim L.) resistance to fungal infection. pp. 29--33
Summary: We investigate the interaction of two regulator-type antibiotic substances, known as capsicoside steroid glycoside and esculin phenol compound, in the process of wheat ear development and the forming of summer wheat resistance to fungal infection. We confirmed the positive effect of both separate and combined use of the substances on the above processes. The components of the capsicoside-esculin mix demonstrated synergism only during the development of protective responses, whereas during ear development they showed mainly independent effect.
Lis L. S.
The role of forest tracts in the territory's ecological state. pp. 34--40
Summary: Based on the analysis of wood ecosystem role in the running of positive biospheric processes, this study lead to the development of the special matrix which described the interrelations between biospheric functions and large forest tract characteristics. The various stages of the involved characteristics were estimated with the help of marks. According to these estimates the correction of forest-covered area is performed. This area is included into the natural-ecological potential as a positive element of territory's ecological state.
Kurzo B. V.
Biological composition of sapropel and hydrobiota index fossils applied for the diagnosis of paleo-lake trophic level. pp. 41--46
Summary: The composition of biological remains in Belarusian lake sediments has been studied. In order to predict the paleo-lake trophic level, the study defined index fossils (which act as trophic conditions indicators) and quantitative indices of biological components. The interpretation of the nutrient content change in some lakes in Holocene epoch has been presented.
Volotovitch A. A., Sylkova T. A., Fomtchenko N. S., Prokhorenko O. V., Gorbatchenko F. L, Davydenko O. G.
Combining ability and heterosis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). pp. 47--50
Summary: Using basic parameters, like seed weight per inflorescence and oil percentage in seed, we have determined the heterosis value of 24 Belarusian hybrids as well as of Don 22 and Partner hybrids. GCA and SCA of 8 inbred female lines have been studied in line x tester cross system by 7 parameters.
Polonetskaya L. M., Khotyleva L. V., Sakovich V. I.
Estimation of stability and genotypic variability in fiber flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) populations developed on the basis of regenerants of somatic origin. pp. 51--54
Summary: The paper presents the results of variability and stability parameter estimation in fiber flax cultivars and populations developed in terms of regenerants. A different cultivar response to varying growth conditions was revealed. Stability variance, as a rule, was higher in the populations developed in terms of regenerants as compared to the initial parental cultivars. The genotypic potential of fiber flax cultivars and the populations was studied in two systems of diallel crosses. The populations were shown to be characterized by a high level of additive variability for fibre productivity traits.
Kulminskaya I. V., Gordei I. A.
Morphogenetic characteristic of a new trisomic series of winter rye (Secale ce-reale L.). pp. 55--58
Summary: Development of rye trisomic series based on heteroploid crosses (4n x 2n ® 3 x 2n) of cultivars and self-fertile lines was shown to provide ability for self-pollination, phenotypic uniformity, lesser inbred depresson of 15-chromosome plants and higher level of extrachromosome transfer in progeny.
Glushkova I. V., Aksyutik T. V., Pechkovskaya A. V., Anoshenko I. P., Volchok N. M., Ushakova D. A.
The study on adaptive response at various spermatogenesis stages in Drosophila melanogaster. pp. 59--62
Summary: Applying the test of recessive sex-linked lethal mutations we studied radioadaptive response (at various spermiogenesis stages) in Drosophila melanogaster represented by the Canton-S stock, as well as by w stock and w; Canton stock marked with the white gene. The adaptive response was revealed in the s stock marked with the white gene but was not detected in the Canton-S stock. The obtained results confirmed the existence of the relation between the Drosophila melanogaster adaptive response and X chromosome carrying the mutant white gene; they also witness to the probability of the absence of the relation between this adaptive response and autosomes.
Grib O. M., Gavrilenko V. P.
Characteristics of the collection of durum spring wheat (Tr. durum Desf.) grown in Belarus. pp. 63--69
Summary: We investigated durum spring wheat (Tr. Durum) collection and specified the sources of agricultural properties valuable for this crop selection in Belarus.
Halets I. V., Mazhul V. M.
Tertiary-butylhydroperoxide effect on internal dynamics of proteins of isolated human erythrocyte membranes. pp. 70--72
Summary: With the help of the tryptophan phosphorescence method applied at room temperature we showed that tertiary-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) considerably augmented the internal dynamics of human erythrocyte membrane proteins. We presumed that the t-BHP-induced liberalization of membrane protein internal dynamics was caused by the direct action of oxidative agent on proteins as well as by the lipid bilayer modification due to the accumulation of LPO products.
Kostsin D. G., Kozlova N. M., Slobozhanina E. I.
Indomethacin influence on the distribution of NBD-labclcd analogs of phosphatidylcholine in human erythrocyte membranes. pp. 73--78
Summary: The distribution of NBD-labeled analogs of phosphatidylcholine (16:0/C6- and C12-NBD-PC) in human erythrocyte membranes and the influence of indomethacin (well know inhibitor of MRP1) on the distribution of both probes were studied. It was shown that the distribution of 16:0/C6- and C12-NBD-PC in human erythrocyte membranes was significantly different for two probes both in native (control) condition and under the influence of indomethacin. That could be explained by the chemical structure of probes. The results testified that MRP1 played an important role in the maintenance of asymmetric phosphatidylcholine distribution in human erythrocyte membranes.
Lobanok A. G.
The Institute of Microbiology the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus: 30th anniversary. pp. 79--85
Summary: This review summarizes the results of 30-year studies carried out by Institute researchers in the areas of Microbiology and Biotechnology.
Shcherba V. V., Bahitskaya V. G., Plenina L. V., Lobanok A. G.
Medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum (Kurt.: FR.) P. Karst: its composition and biological activity. pp. 86--91
Summary: The composition of Ganoderma lucidum submerged mycelium was studied. It was revealed that the total protein content made 29.0--32.0%, true protein -- 14.0--16.0%, polysaccharides -- 10.0--12.0%, ash -- 3.0--8.0%. Lipid content attained 9.0--11.0%, linolic acid (C18:2) fraction -- 60--80%. The sum of saturated fat acids was 16.0--36.0%, unsaturated -- 64.0--84.0%. Phospholipids in the biomass made 0.52--1.50%, phenolic compounds -- 75.0--660.0 mg%, ergosterol -- 0.9--1.4%. The total carbohydrate content in the mycelium was about 47.0%. The carbohydrates were represented by alcohol (5%), water (4.6%), acid (15.3%), two alkaline fractions (7/3%), free polysaccharides (11.0%) and chitin (3.8%). The mycelium was found to demonstrate immunotropic and liver-protective action.
Molchan O. V., Romanovskaya T. V., Bayeva S. V., Kolomiets E. I.
Isolation peculiarities and antagonistic activity of Bacillus subtilis 14S bacteria. pp. 92--96
Summary: Studies were conducted to investigate isolation, selection and identification of Bacillus genus sporulating bacteria known as phytopathogenic microflora antagonists. Bacillus subtilis 14S strain, which displayed high antagonistic activity in relation to a broad spectrum of phytopathogenic microorganisms, was shown to be of the greatest interest for biological control.
Kvach S. V., Zinchenko A. I.
Purification and characterization of intracellular nucleoside phosphotransferase of Erwinia herbicola 47/3. pp. 97--101
Summary: Nucleoside phosphotransferase (NPT) of Erwinia herbicola 47/3 has been partially purified and characterized by using a zymogram technique. For the first time it has been demonstrated that NPT of Erw. herbicola 47/3 is subdivided into two molecular forms. The enzyme apparently consists of two subunits identical in molecular weight. The molecular weight of the subunit is approximately 25 kDa. We have compared the properties of NPT with those of low-molecular-mass acid phosphatases. It has been determined that NPT of Erw. herbicola 47/3 is not similar to any known representative of low-molecular-mass acid phosphatases.
Solovei I. A.
Species composition peculiarities relevant to small rodents occurring in the clear-cuts of small-leaved coniferous forests of Belarus. pp. 102--108
Summary: To examine the variation in small rodent composition in northern Belarus woodlands, (the landscape scale was used), snap-trapping was conducted. The main factor which affected this variation was felling. On clay soils the maximal diversity of small rodent species was recorded in clear-cuts of 3--5 years old and in mature spruce forest, while on sandy soil the maximal diversity was registered in the clear-cuts of 3--12 years old.
Rudenok A. N., Martynova M. A., Belyanovich L. M., Volotovsky I. D.
Animal and human stem cells: biological properties and prospects for their practical application in medicine. pp. 109--117
Summary: A stem cell is a cel] that has the ability to divide (self replicate) for indefinite periods -- often throughout the life of the organism. Under the right conditions, or given the right signals, stem cells can give rise (differentiate) to the many different cell types that make up the organism. Consequently stem cells have the potential to develop into mature cells that have characteristic shapes and specialized functions, such as heart cells, skin cells, or nerve cells.
Kabashnikova L. F., Savchenko G. E., Averina N. G., Konev S. V., Mazhul V. M., Slobozhanina E. I., Shalygo N. V., Volotovsky I. D.
Photosynthetic organs physiology issues raised in the writings of Maria Tikhonovna Chaika. pp. 118--121
Summary: The main achievements of the laboratory leaded by M. T. Chaika are considered: ontogenetic, organospecific, photoregulatore, membrane and adaptation aspects of pigment apparatus biogenesis; relation between photosynthetic activity of cereals and their productivity; using of photosynthetic index in selection; investigation of inheritance character of pigment signs of triticale hybrids; theoretical basis of using of growth regulators of natural origin for presowing seed treatment of crop plants.
Vilkonis K. K.
Vesicular aldrovanda (Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.) in Lithuania. pp. 122--123
Summary: In Lithuania, Vesicular aldrovanda (Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.) was once found in the Lake of Dysnai (Ignalina district, North-East Lithuania) in 1955. Later, all the attempts to find this species were unsuccessful and it was ascribed to the group of extinct ones. In 2001, a new locality of Aldrovanda vesiculosa was found in the Lake of Ruzas (Ignalina district). Distributed in a shallow bay, this plant forms a belt of about 600 m long. The status of the Botanical Reserve is proposed for the Lake of Ruzas. To date, it was assumed that Vesicular aldrovanda was growing in Lithuania outside its habitat boundaries. The boundaries of the species prevalence should be revised.
Reshetnikov V. N.
Gene engineering: the step into the future. p. 124