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Èçäàòåëü: Áåëàðóñêàÿ íàâóêà, Ìèíñê, Ðåñïóáëèêà Áåëàðóñü
| Èçâåñòèÿ Àêàäåìèè íàóê Áåëàðóñè ÑÅÐÈß ÕÈÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ ÍÀÓÊ Èçäàòåëü: Áåëàðóñêàÿ íàâóêà, Ìèíñê, Ðåñïóáëèêà Áåëàðóñü |
Summary: The paper deals with a procedure of express-analysis of a wide fraction of straight-run petrol on capillary column with squalane at step programming of the column temperature -- 25, 70 and 100 °C.
Yegorov V.V., Lushchik Ya.F., Ovsyannikova T.A., Astapovich I.V., Kulinkovich O.G.
Sodium selective electrodes based on the compositions of substituted p-t-butylcalix 4-arene with liquid cationic exchangers. pp. 11--14
Summary: It is shown, that a sodium selective electrode based on the composition of tetrasubstituted derivatives of p-t-butylcalix[4]arene with potassium salt of trioctyloxybenzene sulfonic acid is characterized by a wide concentration range of functioning and have a good selectivity for sodium cations in the presence of other cations.This electrode can be used for determination of sodium ions in blood serum.
Karpunin I.I., Muzychenko M.P.
Investigation on the chemical composition of alkali digestion products in lignin model compounds. pp. 15--23
Summary: The paper deals with the products of alkali digestion in lignin model compounds. Some monomeric, dimeric, trimeric, tetrameric and pentameric compounds formed in the course of alkali digestion were isolated and identified. The composition of isolated and identified compounds indicates the course of condensation -- polymerization reactions during alkali digestion of plant material.
Summary: Sorption, structure, phase and surface properties of copper aluminate and zinc aluminate and of the samples with the spinel shell applied to alumina colloid particles have been studied. The spinel-containing samples were shown to have high structure parameters whose values depend on porosity of the supporter, its phase being well sheathed by spinel composition whose surface nature doesn't differ from the surface of the individual support. Theoretical interpretation of the obtained regularities was given and the mechanism of structural formation of spinel-containing samples was considered.
Komarov V.S., Repina N.S., Karpinchik E.V.
The influence of electric field on adsorbent structure formation. pp. 28--32
Summary: The formation of the paramagnetic ion hydroxide structure depending on the electric intensity was studied. The structure of formed adsorbents was shown to shift to a small pore region with the increase in electric intensity. The linear dependence of the average effective pore radius on the ion Bohr megneton value was revealed. The theoretical interpretation of the results obtained was proposed.
Malashevich L.N., Ratko A.I., Masherova N.P.
Synthesis of adsorbents from silicon-containing waste. pp. 32--35
Summary: Silicon-containing waste of phosphoric acid production was shown to be utilized as row materials for producing silicagels and NaA zeolite.
Supichenko G.N., Butovskaya G.V., Agabekov V.E., Moiseichuk K.L.
Evaluation of elementary reaction rate constants during thermal decomposition of silicon-containing diperoxides at liquid phase. pp. 36--41
Summary: Thermolysis of the silicon-containing diperoxides: 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-ditriphenylsililperoxy-3-hexyne; 2,5-dimethyl-2- triphenylsililperoxy-5-tert.butylperoxy-3-hexyne has been studied. The rate constants of the radical formation and diperoxides rearangement have been estimated by simulation of the kinetic scheme of the diperoxides thermal decomposition.
Kenigsberg T.P., Kazak E.A., Ariko N.G., Agabekov V.E.
Mono- and multilayers of Lengmuire--Blodgett polyvinyl butyrals. pp. 41--46
Summary: Molecular and kinetic properties of monolayers from polyvinyl butyrals (PVB) with 20,6 -- 86,0% degree of substitution of hydroxylic groups in water and aqueous solution of I2, CdI2 and CdCl2 were investigated. It was established that the surfactant is adsorbed in the polymer molecules; CdCl2 adsorbtion is limited by physical strength, CdI2 -- by the strength of physical and chemical nature, I2 forms the surface complex with PVB polymeric units.
Shevchuk V.V., Fedorov I.V., Mozheiko F.F.
The effect of oil-in-water emulsions on electrokinetic properties of montmorillonite water suspensions. pp. 46--50
Summary: A study on the effect of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by various surfactants on the electrokinetic potential of the montmorillonite type in water medium was carried out by the electrophoresis method.
Senkov G.M., Gorbatsevich M.F., Nikitina A.M., Filanchuk L.F.
Oxidative regeneration of coked alumoplatinum catalyst modified with chromium and dysprosium. pp. 50--52
Summary: The alumoplatinum reforming catalyst modification with Cr leads to a decrease in regeneration temperature of coked catalysts.
Kaputsky F.N., Bychkovsky P.M., Yurkshtovich T.L., Starobinets G.L., Borshchenskaya T.I.
Inexchangeable sorption of spyrobromin and prospidin by KB-4n2(H) carboxylic cation exchanger from water solutions. pp. 52--57
Summary: Nonexchangeable sorption of two anticancer substances -- chlorides of spyrobromin and prospidin by weakly acidic cation exchanger KB-4n 2(H) at 293 ± 1K and pH close to neutral has been studied. The sorption process was revealed to be well described by the equations of the stoichiometrical localized sorption theory.
Bildyukevich A.V., Logunova A.V., Sokolova V.I.
The effect of pressure and ionic force of polyelectrolyte solutions on transport characteristics of UV-membranes. pp. 57--60
Summary: Ultrafiltration of dilute solutions of synthetical high-molecular polyelectrolytes was studied under different hydrodynamic conditions, pH and ionic force of solutions. Membranes from aromatic polyamide and polyacrylonitrile have been used. Selectivity of the membranes was shown to depend on the structure of the secondary dynamic membrane formed on the surface of the UV-membrane, conformation changes of polyelectrolytes according to pH and ionic force of the solution.
Solovieva L.V., Bashmakov I.A., Novikov V.P., Zhigadlo N.D., Grigorieva I.M., Kaputsky F.N.
Phase transformations of zirconium dioxide produced by pyrolysis of cellulose -- zirconyl oxalate composition. pp. 61--63
Summary: Kinetics of irreversible phase transition of ZrO2 cubic into monoclinic modification in active ultradispersive powders obtained by pyrolysis of zirconium oxalate -- cellulose complex was investigated. ZrO2 cubic phase synthesized by that method has the property of pronounced thermal stability (activation energy of transformation is 148 kJ/mol). This result is of apparent practical interest since a certain amount of cubic phase conserved up to 1000 °C substantially affects ceramics sintering.
Kovalenko N.I., Glushonok G.K., Kobyasheva S.V., Bezborodov V.S., Petryaev E.P.
Radiation and chemical conversions of some liquid crystal derivatives of cis-4-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-cyclohexane-1 of carboxylic acid. pp. 63--67
Summary: The EPR spectra of some derivatives of liquid crystals have been studied at 77 K and 298 K and radicals have been identified. The nature and stability of radicals were shown to depend on the structure of molecular and liquid crystals studied. The yields of radicals have been calculated.
Summary: N,O-chelated compounds have been synthesized by the reaction between aminodesoxycellulose and hydroxyaldehydes (orthooxinal, 2-formylindandion-1,3,2- formyldimedone).
Summary: Cyclization of poly (aminoamide) acids based on oligoaminophenylene was studied using pyrolytic mass-spectrometry. Water evolution was revealed to be observed in a broader temperature range than for polyamic acids without active amino groups. This difference is due to interaction between primary amino groups and carbonyl functionalities resulting in cross-linked structure.
Summary: The formation processes of calcium and zirconium titanate fibers from salt impregnated hydrated cellulose filaments by their thermal treatment have been investigated, and their structure has been studied. Ceramics based on the fibers was obtained and its characteristics were determined.
Yegiazarov Yu.G., Trubnikov V.P., Goldar A.P., Minchenya I.G., Pilyuto S.V., Cherches B.Kh.
Chemicotechnological aspects of utilizing rocket "melange"-type oxidizers. pp. 81--86
Summary: A conceptual solution of a problem on rocket "melange" oxidizers utilization by their transformation into liquid nitrogen fertilizers has been proposed. The utilization technology includes two stages: oxidation hydrolysis of "melanges" and neutralization of the obtained nitric acid with dolomite meal. The analysis of data published on the properties of nitrooleum as well of the final products of "melanges" transformation and intermediate technological solutions was carried out. The properties of "melange" are proved to be analogue to those of nitrooleum as regards to the technological calculations of their transformation process.
Kashinskaya T.Ya., Gavrilchik A.P., Kalilets L.P., Trofimovich A.I., Charkovskaya L.A., Shevchenko N.V.
Mechanochemical peat transformations. pp. 87--91
Summary: It has been shown, that intensive mechanical impact the peat is subjected to when dispersed in attritor results in the output variations and its basic component qualitative characteristics. The rate and direction of the variation observed are influenced by mechanic destruction conditions, the impact time and initial raw material moisture content.
Udarov B.G., Manukov E.N.
Fluxing protecting film component from resin oil. pp. 91--94
Summary: Flux-lacquer for preservation of copper printed circuit board lands from exposure of media active-corrosion substances during the storage of printed circuit boards between operations have been obtained.
Zhuravkov V.A ., Belenkov V.V., Rakhmanov S.K.
The effect of midified photographic development on structurometric features of X-ray medical films. pp. 94--98
Summary: Influence of some special additions, modifying chemical developer, which provide involvement of supplemental quantity of emulsion micro crystals to the process of photographic image formation on X-ray medical films RM-1 and RM-V upon complex of structurometric features of appointed image is studied. The method of modified chemical-photographic treatment is found to increase the photographic speed of this materials at least twice with no deterioration of visually detected quality of the photographic image.
Grinshpan D.D.Tsygankova N.G., Lushchik L.G., Komosko I.V., Burd E.Z.
Spinning of hydrocellulose fibers from cellulose fiber-forming solutions in ZnCl2--H2O system. pp. 98--102
Summary: The optimum conditions of hydrocellulose fibres spinning from the cellulose fiber-forming solutions in ZnCl2 -- H2O system have been found. The physico-mechanical characteristics of experimental fibres have been determined. It has been shown that the properties of obtained fibres are similar to those of wool-type ordinary rayon.
Summary: Technology for utilization of foot-wear production waste was worked out for developing insulating, cementing and binding building materials with high performance.
Summary: Special features of the nickel distribution and modes of occurrence in various landscape components within Belarus are analysed, natural and industrial factors influencing its migration are assessed. Three neogeochemical provinces are distinguished within the territory of Belarus: 1) Novopolotsk -- Vitebsk region, where man-made emissions with an appreciable contribution of nickel are superimposed on the existing natural province and aggravate the situation; 2) Minsk City territory, suburbs and the whole basin of the Svisloch River; 3) south-eastern areas of Belarus where abundant aerosol discharges are noted from anomalies detected in snow. High nickel concentrations there aggravate the ecological conditions set in after the Chernobyl accident.
Summary: The value of PAK sorption by peat and sod-podsol soils were tested. The variation of acidity and electrical conductivity of the soil modificated by PAK were estimated.