Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Phys.-Eng. Sci., 2006, No.3

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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Phys.-Eng. Sci., 2006, No.3

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF PHYSICAL-ENGINEERING SCIENCES
Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

Number 3, 2006

MATERIALS ENGINEERING, METALLURGY

Samoilovich Yu. A., Timoshpolskiy V. I.
The analysis of thermo-gravitational convection in the liquid kernel of solidified steel ingots. Part 1. Problem formulation. Non-stationary thermo-gravitation. pp. 5--10

Summary: The mathematical model of the non-stationary thermo-gravitational processes of the solidified steel ingots, including the joint resolution of the equations of thermal conductivity and hydrodynamics on the basis of the generalized equation of melt movement is formulated and solved. The regularities of the modification of the fields of movement speeds in the liquid kernel and the biphase zone depending on temperatures drop on the height of the liquid kernel are established.

Klubovich V. V., Kulak M. M., Platonov L. L., Rumyantseva I. N., Samoletov V. G.
Production of materials with gradient distribution of strengthening particles by the SHS-casting method. pp. 11--16

Summary: The influence of a centrifugal acceleration (CA) on the distribution of carbide particles in a metal melt during the SHS-casting has been investigated. The conclusion that the SHS-casting with CA may be used for production of materials with gradient distribution of strengthening particles is made.

Volochko A. T.
Wastes of recycling of aluminium alloys in production of powders, doughs, composite and ceramic materials. pp. 17--24

Summary: There are some most significant results in research of complex recycling of aluminium wastes (chips, slag, etc.). There is a consideration of their mechanical dispersion and production of powders, doughs, composite materials of antifriction purpose and ceramic materials for aluminium casting.

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS

Pleskachevsky Yu. M, Senko V. I., Starovoitov E. I., Kubenko V. D.
The metal-polymeric beam fluctuations under different form loadings. pp. 25--31

Summary: A sandwich elastic beam under the action of forced fluctuations is explored. For the kinematics description of carryings layers the hypothesis Bernoulli is accepted. Filler is hard, compressible. Combined equations of equilibrium and analytical solutions via displacement are received. Numerical solutions for sandwich metal-polymeric beam are adduced.

Pet'ko V. I., Kukonin A. G., Kukonin V. E.
Measurement of vibration movements at test bench testing of mechanical structures. pp. 32--36

Summary: The testing technique of mechanical designs grounded on application of Doppler effect and Fast Fourier Transformation in a system using sources of sound oscilations and non-contact measurements of movements of object caused by vibration is offered.

Shmelev A. V.
Schematization of random loading processes when the maximum stresses of the cycle are less than the fatigue limit. pp. 37--41

Summary: It is proposed a method of reduction of offset stress cycle to an equal fully reversed cycle, when maximum stress is less then initial fatigue limit. This method is based on the equidistant displacement of limiting amplitude diagram according to decreasing of initial fatigue limit. Equidistant displacement follows from a linear dependence of the fatigue limit on the ultimate stress limit. Field of application: fatigue durability estimation of a random loading using cumulative damage hypothesis assuming fatigue limit reduction, non- and small-damaging stress cycles omission for accelerated test’s load specters development.

Bashtovoi V. G., Polevikov V. K., Algadal A. M.
The effect of diffusion processes on the static’s of magnetic fluids. pp. 42--48

Summary: Theory of the diffusion processes of magnetic particles in magnetic fluids under the influence of magnetic field is developed. The profound effect on the static characteristics of magnetic fluid seal is established.

POWER ENGINEERING, HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER

Ivanov E. M., Ivashko V. S., Buikus K. V., Kletsko V. V.
The analysis of heat-exchange processes at thermal spraying. Heating of particles. pp. 49--52

Summary: Heating of particles in condition of thermal spraying take place at great temperature gradients along radius of particle. Comparison of results of valuation of heating particles process at representation of particle as sphere and thermally thin body showed that at high-temperature treatment (melting, evaporation and chemical kinetics of interaction between particle and gas) it is necessary to consider corresponding tasks for sphere, but not for model of thermally thin body.

Shut V. N., Syrtsov S. R., Ilyushenko D. A., Gavrilenko E. L.
Thermal and electric properties of the PTC devices for degaussing circuits. pp. 53--56

Summary: The theoretical model describing thermal and electric parameters of PTC devices used in degaussing circuits of television tubes is offered. It is shown that optimum performances of PTC devices are achieved when the difference of Curie points of PTC thermistors equals 100 °C. Results of theoretical calculations are in good agreement with experimental data. The offered theoretical model can be used for design of PTC devices with required parameters, in particular for design of PTC devices used in degaussing circuits of television tubes.

Vasiliev L. L., Kulakov A. G., Filatova O. S., Vasiliev L. L. Jr.
Miniature and micro heat pipes. State of the problem. pp. 57--70

Summary: Miniature and micro heat pipes as two-phase heat exchangers of high heat transfer coefficient are discussed. The way of heat pipe classification is proposed. State-of-the-art of thermal management problem for personal computers is presented. The ways of thermal conditions supplying by miniature heat pipes are demonstrated. The paper includes review of experimental results obtained during micro heat pipes investigations and theoretical principles for mathematical micro heat pipe models building. Experimental and analytical results of maximum heat transfer capability with emphasis on the capillary-porous structure features to illustrate miniature heat pipes performance are given. The results of the investigations of the developed miniature heat pipe with advanced non-regular capillary-porous sintered powder structure are presented.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS

Lipnitsky S. F.
Mathematical model and forming algorithms of grammar scheme, producing projective propositions. pp. 71--75

Summary: Method of automatic forming of the formal grammar schema, ensuring universality of algorithms developed on its basis in sense of an opportunity of their use for any information languages, is offered.

Inyutin A. V., Sadykhov R. Kh.
Image segmentation algorithm on the basis of a grayscale pseudoskeleton. pp. 76--81

Summary: The algorithm of grayscale images segmentation with use of watershed transformation and grayscale pseudoskeleton is offered. The algorithm does not use binarization operation and allows to reduce number of segmented areas. The concept of an grayscale pseudoskeleton is introduced. The outcomes of experimental check and listing of the program are stated.

Zalesky B. A., Nedz'ved' A. M., Drozd V. M., Fridman M. V., Luschik M. L.
Analysis of human thyroid glands condition based on histological and ultrasonic images. pp. 82--89

Summary: Simultaneous analysis of databases of histological and ultrasonic (US) images of human thyroid glands has been done with the help of two program complexes that had been specially developed for this purpose. It was shown that echogenicity of thyroid gland on US imaged depends essentially on size its follicles. Regions of the organ that contain many follicles of size smaller than size of healthy follicles (W 70 ¸ 100 µm) or contain a lot of destroyed follicles have low echogenicity. Regions of the organ that contain many follicles of size considerably greater than size of healthy follicles have low echogenicity, as well.

RADIOELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENT MAKING

Artioukhina N. K.
Catoptric anastigmatic afocal optical system. pp. 90--95

Summary: Three-mirror anastigmatic afocal optical systems are considered. It is formed by two concave parabolidal mirrors of different powers and convex hyperboloidal mirrors. Different variants of designs are found as a combination of the Cassegrein objective with additional paraboloidal mirror.

Kurayev A. A., Sinitsyn A. K., Luschitskaya I. V.
Super-power TWT and BWO on irregular wave guides. pp. 96--104

Summary: The two-dimensional theory relativistic TWT-BWO, based on mapping an irregular internal surface of a goffered waveguide into the regular cylinder, use of the projective procedure resulting in a point-to-point boundary problem for amplitudes of connected waves and application of special method of block matrix prorace for the decision of a point-to-point problem is stated. Due to the last the steady decision of this problem at the account cut-off waves is possible. Testing the suggested method is carried out by the solution for the same problems by this method and method of finit elements. Optimum variants of the relativistic generator are found and investigated. The attention to absence of conditions of the second type periodicity ("conditions Floke") in a field of the matched section of a periodic irregular waveguide that specifies an inaccuracy of some works on theory TWT and BWO, based on the concept of the spatial harmonics of a field of periodic slowing system is payed.

Lisovsky V. V.
The account of influence of diffusion on heterogeneities while measuring grain moisture with super high frequency moisture measuring methods. pp. 105--108

Summary: The paper discusses the issues of improvements the precision of automatic control of grain moisture with super high frequency moisture measuring devices before the grain is ground. It also provides theoretical foundations for the method of super high frequency absorption and the outcomes of devising a new generation of moisture measuring devices of the "Microradar-113-2" series.

Baravikou S. M., Berasnevich A. I., Emelyanov A. V.
Choice of the limitation factors in forecasting failures of bipolar transistors. pp. 109--112

Summary: For functional parameter (gain factor of base current in the circuit with common emitter) of bipolar transistors the paper establishes the presence of linear correlation between the changes caused by the electrical mode parameters (collector current and collector-to-emitter voltage) as the imitation factors and changes resulting from long operating age of transistors.

DIAGNOSTICS AND SAFETY OF TECHNICAL AND ENVIRONMENT SYSTEMS

Matyuk V. F., Melgui M. A., Pinchukov D. A., Abroskina S. A.
Quality testing of high-temperature tempering of articles from medium-carbon refined steel 45 by multiparameter pulse magnetic method. pp. 113--118

Summary: It is shown, that on anomalous hysteresis loops and on reverse curves of the normal component of the residual field strength gradient at pulse magnetization of articles from medium-carbon refined steel 45, exposed to hardening and high-temperature tempering the conclusive testing of hardness is possible even at nonunique dependence of separate measured parameters on the tempering temperature or on the hardness of the article.

SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS

Anatoly Ivanovich Sviridyonok (On his 70^th birthday). pp. 119--120.
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Petr Aleksandrovich Vityaz (On his 70^th birthday). pp. 121--122.
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Vladimir Leonidovich Dragun (On his 60^th birthday). pp. 123--124.
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