Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Humanitarian Sciences, 1999, No.3

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Proc. of the Natl. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ser. Humanitarian Sciences, 1999, No.3

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES
Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

Number 3, 1999

PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIOLOGY

Grin V.V.
Man in phenomenological psychology. pp. 5--9

Summary: The article is focused on humanistic trends in modern psychology and philosophy, it reveals significant correlations between psychological and pedagogical findings, appeals to existential aspects of human internal ego, arouses interest in terms of application and further analysis of phenomenological problems. The paper deals with interaction of rational and emotional in human consciousness as related to learning process. Impact of social factors on personality was estimated. Principal reasons of spiritual crisis striking modern society have been disclosed and possible ways out have been indicated.

Keizer L.L.
Ontological analysis of esthetical phenomenon. pp. 10--14

Summary: The paper attempts to analyze esthetical phenomenon from ontological viewpoint. On the one hand, art is regarded as an independent a priori world set before human intervention (the form of being), on the other hand -- as man-made being (artefact). Such subdivision is reflected in the categories of artistic reality and meaningful form. Dynamics of text and culture in general is demonstrated.

Domzha A.A.
Human responsibility for personal convictions. pp. 15--20

Summary: Personal responsibility of man for his convictions which reflect his integral world outlook is considered in the article. It is shown that convictions are guides and regulations in human life activity.

LAW

Piletsky K.U.
Aquatic legislation in Belarus. pp. 21--26

Summary: The article gives a chronological analysis of the Belarus aquatic legislation in its formation and development. The author analyses principal constitutional standards, codes, laws, instructions, other legal acts aimed at regulating relations in the field of water use and protection. The author works out certain proposals and recommendations on new bills and acts to promote development of the working system of the aquatic legislation in the Republic of Belarus meeting the requirements of the market economy.

Zmushka V.M.
Prevention of labor legislation infringements in radionuclidecontaminated regions. pp. 27--29

Summary: The article analyres prevention of infringements by the employers of the labour legislation, the influence of radiation, migration, cultural and educational level of the workers on comprehension of the law. Necessity of preventing infringements by the employers of the labour legislation in the territories exposed to radioactive pollution is proved.

Shimansky M.M.
Legal problems of mediation in team labor disputes. pp. 30--31

Summary: The article is devoted to the analysis of the Belarusian legislation and the international practice relating to solution of team labor disputes by mediators (service of mediation). A series of practical proposals was introduced to improve national legislation.

Agievets S.U.
Legal regulation of health care system. pp. 32--37

Summary: The article deals with legislation on health protection. The peculiarities of the subject composition, of the object and content of legal relations on medical treatment and care have been disclosed. The proposals have been offered on restructuring health cure system.

Murachka L.A.
Origination and characteristics of kin community norm. pp. 38--44

Summary: The author defines the notion of norm investigating the processes of norm-formation, dating back to the primitive society. He stresses the main features of the kin community: the first group -- sociality, collectivity, general commitment; the second group -- adherence to traditions, spontaneity; the third, taking into account the peculiarities of the primitive thinking -- credence to myths, cults, ritualism and imagery; and gives characteristics to each group. Also, the author relates norm attributes to terminology and defines such notions as "ritual forms of behaviour", "cult norm", "taboo", "simple (archaic) custom", "mononorm".

ECONOMICS

Pyka V.T.
Development of private sector in Belarus economy. pp. 45--51

Summary: Main points of the article are economic essentials of the private sector of Belarus economy, including problems of its quantitative and qualitative growth. The article suggests a system of economic reforms to stimulate its development.

HISTORY

Anishchanka Ya.K.
Triangulation and topography in Belarus in the first half of the 19th century. pp. 52--57

Summary: Trigonoitietrical surveys allowed to chart detailed maps of western provinces of Russian empire. But central authorities werenot provided with realiable means oj land register and cadastre by triangulation. Tzarism failed to stop land robbery oj peasants on the eve oj 1861 and even indulged the landlords.

Downar A.B.
Economic status of peasants-civil servants in mid-16 century. pp. 58--62

Summary: Article deals with economic sutuation of peasants serving in the middle of XVI century in the large state domains of Western Belarus. The author makes a conclusion, that land property of civil-servants was similar to that of other peasants. The main difference was in the tupe of duties and in sire of the levied plot.

Syamenchyck M.Ya.
United organizations of Russian social-democratic labor party at Belarus territory in 1917. pp. 63--68

Summary: Origin and activities of united Russian social-democratic labor party in 1917 at Belarus territory has been discussed. Relations between different social-democratic trends within the party framework and beyond it have been investigated Some postulates of party historians concerning role of bolsheviks in social-democratic movement have been criticized.

Funk Yu.V.
Philanthropy in Belarus and its major forms in late 19 -- early 20 century. pp. 69--79

Summary: The article is devoted to the examination of Russian legislative basis on the issue of charity organizations from the moment of joining the belarusian provinces the Russian Empire before 1917. In this article all the legislative acts, directly or indirectly connected with activity of Jewish charity organizations, are analyzed. On the basis of legislative activity of Russian State in the field of charity description, the author concludes that there was no legislation separately regulating the activity of Jewish charity organizations. The article contains the detailed analysis of Russian legislation on the issues of charity and throws light upon this issue from the legal point of view.

ART STUDIES, ETHNOGRAPHY, FOLKLORE

Marozaw A.U.
The role of anthropological school of the 20s--30s in studies of Eastern Slav folklore. pp. 80--83

Summary: Significant methodological and theoretical principles of anthropological school in Eastern Slav folklore investigations of the 20-s -- 30-s represented by D. K. Zelenin, E. G. Kagarov, G. S. Vinogradov, etc. are analyzed in this article.

Sharaya V.M.
Functional nature of Kust rite. pp. 84--88

Summary: The functional nature of the ancient rite Kust is maintained in Pinsk region is described. Different literature reports are considered from the view point of functional nature of this rite. Empirical field studies led to the conclusion that the rite Kust reflects the religious and symbolic system, formed in the ancient life period of Polesie population.

Yarmalinskaya V.M.
Experimental theatres in Belarus of the 80s--90s. pp. 89--93

Summary: The study raises relevant problems of modern dramatic art, namely a search for new style of direction, acting colourful and metaphorical scenography. The author is the first in the Belarusian theatrical criticism to appraise such an ambiguous phenomenon as avant-gardism neglected and evaded by the investigators throughout the whole XXth century, as nonexistent in the former socialist society. Artistic explorations of experimental theatres are presented over a period of the 80--90s. The author approaches the problems of aesthetic credo and creative search of new teams, their role and significance in the modern theatrics.

Navagrodsky T.A.
Structural analysis of Belarusian cooking technology. pp. 94--98

Summary: Structural analysis of a major component of traditional Belarusian kitchen -- technology of cooking is performed. The author emphasizes the fact that cooking procedures are closely correlated and determined by economic-cultural type.

Sivurava L.P.
Grazing as an occupation. pp. 99--105

Summary: The article considers grazing as an integrated and traditional for the Belarusian village social and economic phenomenon typical for the late 19th -- early 20th century. It gives the examples of herdmens way of life, their main skills and abilities.

LITERARY STUDIES

Yaskevich A.A.
Concept of general philological integrity in ancient Belarusian bibliography and modern epoch. pp. 106--111

Summary: The study of Old-Belarusian relics appears especially relevant for present-day philology. Ancient grammars incorporate linguistic sections, elements of rhetoric, poetics, rhyme theory. They present important material for formulating problem of reconstituting philological integrity, divided due to specialization and separation of sciences. This process triggers necessity of restoring ancient eloquence culture. Today it is obvious that eloquence was rejected unreasonably. Neither complicated poetics, nor stylistics, nor even such a new branch of philology as the text theory based on novel linguistic findings could replace it. They are able only to complement each other joinly providing emotional and poetic expression of ideas.

Freud A.I.
Genesis of memoirs genre in Belarusian literature of 16th -- first half of 17th century in correlation with chronicle traditions. pp. 112--118

Summary: Analysis of chronicle canons -- time-related data input, third person narration, other characteristics and continuity of genre traditions in world literature led us to point them out as a source of memoirs prose in Belarus of 16th -- first half of 17th century.

Ramanchuk A.A.
Contemporary Belarusian literary activities in Poland. pp. 119--123

Summary: The article regards activity of the literary association "Belovezha" as patriotic manifestation of the Belarusian national minority in present-day Poland. It analyses literary works of some writers and their niche in the national literary and cultural context.

LINGUISTICS

Yarmolenka E.V.
Lexicon characterizing nature, plants and animals in "Chronicle" by M. Striykowsky. pp. 124--130

Summary: The article covers topical groups of words related with geographical environment, natural phenomena, vegetable and animal kingdoms in the "Chronicle" of M. Striykowski translated into Belarusian at easly XVIIth century. The main emphasis is focused on the semantic and etymological analysis of each lexeme. It is stated the major part of the examined vocabulary of the literary monument was inherited from the pra-Slavic period, while comparatively few nominations were created or adopted during independent development of the Belarusian culture.

Dabralyubaw A.I., Margun N.V., Rakovich A.G.
New monolingual IN SITU dictionary. pp. 131--133

Summary: The method of designing new type of dictionary termed and patented as IN SITU is described. The IN SITU English dictionary was compiled by this method using computer technology. It is more informative, concise in comparison with conventional dictionaries of the same volume. It combines monolingual vocabulary disclosing meanings by exemplary contexts, grammar manual and textbook.

SCIENTISTS OF BELARUS

Turtsevich Z.K.
Arkady Josephovich Zhurawsky (To 75th Birthday Anniversary). pp. 134--135
Click here to read this article in Belarusian (Win1251)

Tychyna M.A.
Victor Antonavich Kavalenka (To 70th Birthday Anniversary). pp. 136--138
Click here to read this article in Belarusian (Win1251)

REVIEWS

Grinavetskene A.
Lexical atlas of Belarusian folk dialects in 5 volumes. p. 139

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