The main form of scientific training at the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus since its inception has been postgraduate study. On December 23, 1930, in order to systematically train scientific personnel in the republic and improve the scientific and methodological management of this work, the Council of People's Commissars of the BSSR adopted a resolution “On the training of graduate students”, according to which the training of graduate students was concentrated at the Belarusian Academy of Sciences. On January 12, 1931, the Institute of Postgraduate Studies was created in the system of the Academy of Sciences, to which postgraduate students from higher educational institutions were seconded. It is believed that since that time in Belarus began systematic training of highly qualified scientific personnel.
Currently, organizational and methodological and coordinating functions for the training of scientific personnel through postgraduate studies in scientific organizations of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus are carried out by the Institute for the training of scientific personnel created in 2001. As of January 1, 2017, 533 employees of the National Academy of Sciences underwent training Belarus and a specialist of the national economy of the republic, including 294 - full-time, 105 - part-time studies, in the order of competition - 134 post-graduate students worked on their theses. 11 foreign students from Iran, Kazakhstan, China, Syria, and Turkmenistan are enrolled in the graduate school of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Scientific organizations of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus today offer opportunities for postgraduate training in a wide range of specialties and branches of science listed below.