Известия Нац. академии наук Беларуси. Сер. биол. наук, 2000, No.4
/ Издания академии / Научные журналы
Известия Нац. академии наук Беларуси. Сер. биол. наук, 2000, No.4
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Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси
СЕРИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ НАУКИздатель: Издательский дом Беларуская навука, Минск, Республика Беларусь |
Номер 4, 2000
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
СТАТЬИ
Sidorovich E.A., Chubanov K.D., Arabei N.M., Kirkovsky K.K., Pikulik N.I.
Structural and functional changes in forest phytocenosis of the National Park "Pripjatski". pp. 5--8
Summary: Based on the investigation in some types of coniferous and fallacious forests of the National Park "Pripjatski" during the 19--34 year period, the definite changes of structural and functional characteristics, which were determined by the endogenous factors, were revealed. In particular, the transformation of oak-wood into oak-forest, reduction of plant variability in some cases was observed.
Garanovich I.M., Kravchenko L.V.
The duration of pollen preservation of some medicinal tree. pp. 9--13
Summary: The duration of freshly gathered pollen viability of 15 medicinal tree was determined. The conditions of pollen preservations during 60-330 days were described.
Lovchii N.F., Fedorov N.I., Gutsevich V.D.
The tension in abiotic factors under drought conditions and its role in the fir-wood drying in Belarus. pp. 14--20
Summary: Mass drying of fir-wood in Belarus in 1992-96 and its relationship with the major abiotic factors have been analysed.
Vlasova N.N., Laman N.A., Stratilatova E.V.
The epibrassinolide affect on synchronity of shoot earing and grain productivity of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). pp. 21--24
Summary: Epibrassinolide treatment of spring barley plant at the two-leaves stage on a leading shoot increases synchrony of shoot earing and raises grain productivity. Estimation was carried out for the number of days from sowing to the stage 50 after Zadoks. Synchrony range, synchrony measure, regression slope and variation between shots within the plant were calculated. Cultivar differences in sensitivity to growth regulator treatment were observed.
Sanko N.V., Deeva V.P.
The epibrassinolide affect on RNA and protein electrophoretic spectrum of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). pp. 25--29
Summary: It is proved that epibrassinolide (EB) does not affect the qualitative structure of RNA, but depending on genotype changes r-RNA or t-RNA. High- and lowmolecular polipeptides are induced in a differente degree. The level of EB effect on composition of protein in isoplasmatic lines of barley is determined mainly by nuclear genome.
Kulminskaya I.V., Guzyuk L.I., Gordei I.A.
Development of tetraploid analogues of self-fertile lines and varieties of diploid winter rye (Secale cereale L.). pp. 30--32
Summary: A great influence of diploid winter rye genotypes on the efficiency of chromosome doubling by nitrous oxide and meiotic stability of the tetraploid analogues produced was shown.
Volodin V. G., Elef A.V., Lisovskaya Z.I., Vanakh P.V.
Recombinant variability of F2 hybrids of spring wheat produced involving forms exhibiting genetic instability. pp. 33--37
Summary: Recombinant variability of quantitative characters was revealed in the F1 hybrids produced involving forms exhibiting genetic instability property in hybridization combinations. Unstable genotypes are proposed to be regarded as biological recombinogenes.
Volodin V.G., Elef A.V., Lisovskaya Z.I., Vanakh P.V.
Recombinant variability of F2 hybrids of spring wheat produced by cross-breeding of genetically unstable genotypes with varieties. pp. 38--41
Summary: An amplitude of quantitative characters variability was investigated in the F2 wheat hybrids produced by using genetically unstable genotypes as biological recombinogenes in hybridization. Recombination variability in this generation was shown to proceed with an increasing rate, with recombinant chages in quantitative characters being inherited in individual offspring of selection in F1.
Domanskaya I.N.
Determination of energy transfer efficiency from protochlorophyllide to chlorophyll in green and greening barley leaves. pp. 42--45
Summary: A new method for detection and estimation of interpigment energy transfer from protochlorophyllide to chlorophyll in green and greening barley leaves is proposed. The method is based on a cessation of the energy transfer under digitonin treatment and subsequent low-temperature fluorescence spectra registration of the leaves.
Shcherbakov R.A., Vezitsky A.Yu., Rudoi A.B. †
Efficiency of reduction reaction of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a in plants of different varieties. pp. 46--49
Summary: The transformation of chlorophyll b (Chl b) to chlorophyll a (Chl a) was demonstrated in ethiolated seedlings of Secale cereale, Phaseolus vulgaris, Zea mays and Hordeum vulgare (wild type and Chl b-less mutant). Efficiency of the process was approximately the same in all the plants. It was concluded that this reaction has universal character. The significance for the transformation of Chl b to Chl a for fast regulation of the photosynthetic apparatus during construction of photosystems are discussed.
Gvozdkova T.S., Chernook T.V., Kapich A.N.
The lipid's aptioxidant activity of some fungus of different taxonomic groups. pp. 50--53
Summary: The antioxidant activity of lipids of some micromycetes and xylotrophic basidiomycetes was studied. It was found that antioxidant activity was much higher for the lipids of xylotrophic basidiomycetes as compared to micromycetes. The certain correlation between antioxidant activity level of lipids, lipid unsaturation degree and content of lipid peroxidation products was established for the majority of investigated fungi.
Pryadko K.A., Gorokh G.A., Bagel I.M.
Thyroxine elimination in rats at the early stage of acute g-irradiation. pp. 54--56
Summary: Elimination rates (kel), total distribution volumes (V) and clearance rates (MCR) of thyroxine (T4) were measured using single compartmental analysis in g-irradiated rats after the 125I labelled T4 had been injected either intravenously (iv) or intraperitoneally (ip). Irradiated animals had a greater MCR of 0.45±0.03 ml/h/100 g as compared to that of 0.34±0.03 ml/h/100 g (P<0.01) in controls. These changes occur as a result of a decreased half-life of T4.
Bulanova K.Ya., Tararuk T.A., Miksha Ya.S., Lobanok L.M.
Dynamics of hematologic characteristics after the acute and prolonged g-irradiation in white rats. pp. 57--61
Summary: The adaptive reaction of organism led to the normalization of all indices characterizing leukocytes and platelets after the acute irradiation. There were phase of exhaustion of white blood and size increase of platelets in remote period after prolonged irradiation. Both acute and prolonged irradiation caused the stable changes of all indices of red blood; the size of erythrocytes and content of hemoglobin increased, the quantity of erythrocytes reduced.
Antonenko A.N., Suvorova T.A.
The role of role in the implementation of ADP cardiotropic effects. pp. 62--64
Summary: The investigation of isolated Langendorff-perfused rat heart has shown that ADP (10-8--10-6 M) decrease the heart late, the coronary flow and modifies the contractility of myocardium. The blokade of NO-synthesis (L-NAME, 10-5 M) increases negative chronotropic effect of ADP on the heart, causes opposite ADP effects on the heart contractility and suppresses ADP effects on the coronary flow.
Mikhailovskaya N.P., Lobanok L.M.
The role of endothelium in contractile responses of isolated aorta under the actions of adrenergic agonists in the conditions of hypoxia and anoxia. pp. 65--68
Summary: In experiments on isolated segments of aorta it was established that in conditions of low pO2 the contractile effect of adrenergic agonists on segments with intact endothelium increased, and on preparations without endothelium -- reduced.
Bardina L.R., Pronko P.S.
The ethanol metabolizing systems in the gastrointestinal tract of rats. pp. 69--71
Summary: The activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) and catalase in the gastrointestinal tract of male albino rats were measured to study their possible implication to local ethanol induced tissue toxicity. No differences were found in the MEOS activity between different parts of the digestive tract. ADH and catalase activities were higher in the colon mucosa and, especially, in the rectum. Suggestion proposed that in the large intestine and in the rectum after alcohol consumption the accumulation of highly toxic acetaldehyde is possible.
Pivovarchik M.V., Grinevich V.P.
The binding of the opoid receptors of the rat brain with a specific ligands under acute alcohol intoxication. pp. 72--74
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes caused by ethanol (1.5 g/kg, I. p.) in midbrain opioid receptors and in the content of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum. Ion-pair HPLC with electrochemical detection for determination of the content of dopamine and its metabolites and a receptor binding technique with selective d-DADLE and m-DAGO radioligands were used. It was revealed, that ethanol causes a response in the opioid receptors of the midbrain, which appeared after 6 h.
Vylegzhanina T.A.
The adrenal gland state of guinea pigs under prolonged action of higher and low temperature. pp. 75--77
Summary: Under prolonged action of moderate higher temperature on organism, the morphofunctional decrease in glucocorticoid function of adrenal glands was revealed. Under low temperature the hyper-function of gland cortical substance was developed.
Shpak G.A.
The effect of the polypeptyde growth factor on the endogenous protein phosphorylation in PC12 cells under heat shock. pp. 78--80
Summary: It was shown that nerve growth factor (NGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) equally (without additivity) activated the endogenous protein phosphorylation (EPPh) in PC12 cells. Heat shock decreased dramatically EPPh level, and NGF or/and EGF not only prevented the effect of heating but activated additionally 32P incorporation into cell proteins. Thus, results suggest an important role of different growth factors in cell survival regulation.
Gurin V.N., Kondratenkova E.A.
Hypothermic affect of excitation of central m-cholinoreactive system under angiotensin-II receptor blockade conditions. pp. 81--82
Summary: The paper presents experemental evidence of the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the mechanism of the central action of the m-cholinomimetic arecoline, which leads to the body temperature decrease. Independently of the functional acting of the renin-angiotensin system the excitation of the brain m-cholinoreactive systems was found to be accompanied by the hypothermic effect.
Dorokhina L.V., Zinchuk V.V.
The prooxidant-antioxidant balance in rats under hypothermia and a correction of L-arginine-NO system. pp. 83--86
Summary: The aim of the work was to study the indices of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in rat tissues (red blood cells, liver, kidneys, lungs) under conditions of L-arginine-NO system correction and low environmental temperature. The correction of L-arginine-NO system was performed by intravenous administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-arginine, sodium nitroprusside to rats before the cooling. The deep hypothermia was shown to be accompanied with a substantial worsening of prooxidant-antioxidant balance. The administration of L-arginine before a cooling resulted in the smallest prooxidant-antioxidant disbalance, while the infusion of NO inhibitor or donor did not cause an improvement of antioxidant defense.
Bozhko A.P., Gorodetskaya I.V., Golubeva L.Yu., Malyshev I.Yu.
The affect of thyroid hormones on heat shock protein synthesis in miocardium. pp. 87--90
Summary: Thyroid hormones stimulates the stress-induced synthesis of heat shock proteins in myocardium. The adaptive accumulation of these proteins depended on thyroid status under restraint and emotional stresses, heat shock, adaptation to stress was observed.
Palash A.L.
Zooplankton in the bottom layers of the mesotrophic lake. pp. 91--92
Summary: Dynamics of structure species in the gradient of depth of mesotrophic lake have been studied. Rises in Shannon's index with increase in depth (from 1.3301 to 1.8135) was shown. Such changes were not related with alteration in number of species but with the level of its parity.
Musatova O. V.
Insect response to the flavonoid contents of the fodder plants. pp. 93--96
Summary: The flavonoid contents in leaves of a birch (Betula pendula L.) and oak (Quercus robur L.), the influence of these substances on development and alimentary behaviour of insects are analysed. Dynamics of main values metrics of vital activity of Moma alpium Os. and Antheraea pernyi G.-M. after feeding by leaves of an oak treated with flavonoid solutions of different concentrations is presented.
Plyuta M.V.
Dynamics of brook trout maturity (Salmo trutta morpha fario (L.)). pp. 97--101
Summary: Seasonal and age dynamics of gonadogenesis of a brook trout from Belarusian rivers have been shown for the first time. Age and terms of sex maturing of brook trout female and male are presented.
Zarubov A.I.
Characteristic peculiarities of phytophilous zooplankton association of Nobisto Lake in summer. pp. 102--104
Summary: Investigation of taxonomical structure and dynamics in the number of zooplankton association at the 4 points of Nobisto Lake in summer was carried out. Under the conditions of littoral didn't overgrown with macrophytes the decrease in variability of species was greater then in overgrown conditions. It was assumed that such changes were determined by the predomination of evribiont species.
ОБЗОРЫ
Karpuk V.V.
Structural and functional coupling of organism interactions in the phytopathosystem development. pp. 105--113
Summary: In the article cellular and subcellular interactions of causal agents of stem and leaf rusts of rye, powdery mildew of rye and net spot blotch of barley with their hosts were investigated to elucidate the structural mechanisms of interactions pathogenic fungus and plant on the way integration of them into bio- or necrotrophic phytopathosystem. In result of analyses of differentiation of infection structures by these fungi and of structural changes of plasmalemma, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum in epidermal or mesophyll cells of plants have been induced with according pathogenic fungi the character of participation of these cell membranes in organization of bio- or necrotrophic phytopathosystems was determined. Action of lysosomal phosphatases secreted from developing haustoria of rust or powdery mildew fungus on invaginated plasmalemma of plant cell and localization of Ca2+ have been revealed in narrow space between tight adjoining extrahaustorial membrane and endoplasmic reticulum, and they are considered as conditions needed for beginning of anomal exocytosis of substances from cytoplasma of host plant and uptake of them by haustorium of biotrophic fungus. On the contrary action of extracellular enzymes and toxins secreted from infection vesicle of net spot blotch fungus on protoplasma of plant epidermal cell has necrotic effect and ceases of starting structural and functional coupling on the base of processes of exo- and endocytosis.
Karpuk V.V.
Role of the apoplast and vacuolar-lysosomal system in cereal tissue under pathogenesis caused by fungi. pp. 114--123
Summary: The activities of phosphatase, chitinase, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase in intercellular washing liquid from leaves of rye infected with rust and barley infected with net spot blotch, localization of phosphatase and peroxidase activities and state of vacuoles in tissues of sore leaves were investigated. The stimulation of activities of these enzymes in apoplast of rye with Puccinia dispersa, increase in activity of chitinase in apoplast of barley influenced by Pyrenophora teres and also decrease in activities of three other enzymes were observed. A higher chitinase activity in intercellular space of diseased barley leaves as compared with its level in healthy leaves was attributed to the flow-out of enzyme from vacuoles of host, destruction of which is peculiar to necrotrophic pathogenesis caused by P. teres. The participation of lysosomal-vacuolar system of plant cells in interaction with pathogenic fungi and in the changes in apoplast, which in turn were directed at creation of the signs of heterotrophic activity on autotrophic mesophyll cells was shown. The biotrophic and the necrotrophic fungi got over this heterotrophic activity of host mesophyll cells by different manner. Peculiarities of organization of immune system in plants and animals is discussed.
Mazhul V.M., Zaitseva E.M., Shcherbin D.G.
Low frequency fluctuations of protein structure. pp. 124--143
Summary: The problem of protein intramolecular dynamics has been discussed. The results of analysis of low-frequency fluctuations of protein structure in solid aggregate state, in solution, in composition of biological membranes, cells and tissues using by room temperature tryptophan phosphorescence method have been presented. The changes of amplitude-frequency spectrum of protein' internal motions under the action of various agents and factors of chemical and physical nature have been registered. The significant role of low-frequency fluctuations of protein structure in mechanisms of enzyme catalysis and in processes of intracellular signalling has been determined. The fluctuation model of enzyme-substrate interaction has been proposed. It has been shown that growing on pathology was related with the changes in slow intramolecular dynamics of membrane proteins in situ.
КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ
Puchilo A.V.
Light regime under forest phytocenosis of Novogrudok highland. pp. 144--146
Summary: Novogrudok highland in a central geobotanic sudzone has special environmental condition, under wich the various on structure and stand structure forest are formed. It was shown that light intensity plays a significant role in biosystem diversity.
Mosse K.A., Zukerman G.A.
Analysis of polymorphic (GGG)n Sequence of the FMR-1 gene. pp. 147--150
Summary: The fragile X syndrome of mental retardation is related to the number of trinucleotide CGG repeats at the 5'-untranslated region of the FMR-1 gene located on the X chromosome. We have studied X chromosomes from 196 unaffected males from Belarus and 322 boys with mild mental retardation. The CGG repeat number was analysed by automated capillary electrophoresis after a polymerase chain reaction. All DNA samples failed to amplify were further tested by Southern blot analysis. For the unaffected males, a similar distribution pattern of CGG allele size to Caucasians was observed. The repeat number ranged from 17 to 47, with a mode of 30. We have found 7 (3.7%) intermediate alleles in this group via 15 (4.7%) among the mentally retarded boys, but the difference was not significant. In a group of boys with mental retardation, four had a full mutation. Thus, the fragile X syndrome prevalence was 1.2%, which is lower than most of the previous reports suggest.
Voitovich A.M.
The irradiation effect on the aberrant cell level of bone morrow and chromosome aberration spectrum in amphibian. pp. 151--152
Summary: Animals caught in radiocontaminated areas and those from the control population were exposed to X-ray (2Gy). No differences in the level of aberrant cells in bone morrow were revealed. Aberrant spectrum in frogs from the radiocontaminated habitat was shifted towards aberrations of chromatid type.
ОБЗОРЫ
Reshetnikov V.N.
Novelty in the population genetic of pine. p. 153
/ Издания академии / Научные журналы / К началу страницы
Разработана и поддерживается Николаем Н. Костюковичем. Последнее обновление: 9 ноября 2006 г.
Создана при участии Игнатия И. Корсака
Копирайт © 2001-2006 Национальная академия наук Беларуси
Копирайт © 2000 Издательство "Беларуская навука"
