Известия Нац. академии наук Беларуси. Сер. биол. наук, 2002, No.1
/ Издания академии / Научные журналы
Известия Нац. академии наук Беларуси. Сер. биол. наук, 2002, No.1
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Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси
СЕРИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ НАУКИздатель: Издательский дом Беларуская навука, Минск, Республика Беларусь |
Номер 1, 2002
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
СТАТЬИ
Morozov O. V.
Techniques of vegetative reproduction of cultivated red whortleberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.). pp. 5--11
Summary: The survival and growth values of red whortleberry largely vary and are determined by the variety and geographical origin of the material used, the substrate type, term of planting and rooting, and microclimatic conditions.
Autko A. A., Rupasova Zh. A., Autko A. A., Sukhorska K.
Effects of weather and mineral nutrition on the content and composition of essential oils in Salvia officinalis L. and Origanum vulgare L. in Belarus. pp. 12--16
Summary: A pronounced dependence of quantitative and qualitative indices of essential oils of Salvia officinalis and Origanum vulgare on weather conditions during the vegetation period and the level of mineral nutrition is established.
Vlasova N. N., Laman N. A., Stratilatova E. V., Trufanova Yu. V.
Effects of kinetin and epibrassinolide on the morphogenetic activity of the leading shoot apex in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). pp. 17--19
Summary: In experiments with four cultivars of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) epibrassinolide was found to have an advantage over kinetin in weakening the coordinating influence of the dominant center on the growth of lateral shoots.
Sanko N. V., Deeva V. P.
Effect of emistim С on the resistance of different barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes to water stress. pp. 20--24
Summary: Emistim C was found to reduce a negative effect of water stress, to increase drought resistance and productivity, to intensify repair processes in isoplasmic barley lines and in their initial donor varieties of nucleus and cytoplasm. Under water stress conditons emistim C greatly increases root growth and the content of structural proteins, improves water exchange, reduces proteolytic enzyme activity and the degree of soluble protein inhibition in less drought-resistant genotypes. In isoplasmic barley lines changes induced by emistim C in soluble proteins are similar to those in their donors of nucleus.
Sauk I. B., Anokhina V. S., Timoshenko M. K.
Organogenic Potential of the productivity of the plant Lupinus luteus and its realisation at different seeding rates. pp. 25--28
Summary: Effects of different seeding rates (normal, dense, and sparse) on the formation of germinal flowers and real productivity of new forms of Lupinus luteus with reduced branching were studied. Optimum seeding rates for cultivating these forms were defined.
Tarutina L. A., Mishin L. A., Khotyleva L. V., Poskannaya S. L, Kapusta I. V., Yubko N. A., Kavtsevich V. N.
The degree and frequency of geterosis manifestation in productivity components in topcrossing hybrids of sweet pepper. pp. 29--32
Summary: The degree and frequency of geterosis manifestation in major productivity components in topcrossing hybrids of sweet pepper were studied. Promising hybrids, steadily exhibiting high heterosis in productivity components under various environmental conditions, were selected.
Kulminskaya I. V., Ukrainko A. P., Guzyuk L. I., Gordei I. A.
Peculiarities of microsporogenesis of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) triploid forms. pp. 33--36
Summary: Genetic peculiarities of initial samples were shown to affect the microsporogenesis and pollen fertility of triploid forms in winter rye. Application of self-fertile lines in tetraploid-diploid crossings can promote recombinogenesis owing to an increase in the frequency of chromosome rearrangements.
Senkovich O. A., Shashilov V. A., Slobozhanina E. I.
Comparison of erythrocyte resistance to detergent-induced and hypotonic hemolysis. pp. 37--40
Summary: It is shown that the percentage and rate of fast hemolysis and the rate of slow hemolysis of erythrocytes with higher osmotic stability by sodium dodecyl sulphate and triton X-100 were lower. Despite this, no correlation between dependencies of the parameters of hypotonic and detergent-induced hemolysis on either medium pH, temperature, or concentration of ethanol and divalent cations (Zn2+) added to the hemolytic medium was found. Therefore, a major factor which determines the resistance of erythrocytes to sodium dodecyl sulfate and triton X-100 is the structural condition of the membrane lipid phase rather than the geometrical sizes of cells as in the case of osmotic hemolysis.
Romanovskaya T. V., Sverchkova N. V., Kolomiets E. I., Lobanok A. G.
Isolation and characterization of Bacillus pumilus 203 metabolites with antibacterial activity. pp. 41--45
Summary: The nature of the antibacterial action of epiphytic strain B. pumilus 203, a promising agent for biocontrol of bacterial diseases in agricultural crops, was investigated. To isolate metabolites with antibacterial activity various organic solvents were used. Methanol was found to have the maximal extracting capacity. Active fraction Rf 0.45 isolated from the methanolic extract by TLC was identified by mass spectrometry as 2,4-dimethyl-pentanone-3.
Sukhovitskaya L. A., Kartyzhova L. E., Shashko K. G., Chirik D. P.
Efficiency of inoculation of blue lupine by the biofactor sapronit against mineral nitrogen. pp. 46--50
Summary: Experimental results are presented on the influence of pre-sowing inoculation of Mirtan cultivar blue lupin seeds by strains of nodule bacteria of the biofactor sapronit based on the genetically marked high-active strain Rhizobium lupini 1422 on the quantity of natural rhizobia population, competitive capacity of the inoculum in soil, root nodulation, and lupine yield after application of different doses of mineral fertilizers when lupin is cultivated for silage in mix with the Asilak cultivar oat.
Severina I. A., Barai V. N., Zinchenko A. I.
Effects of culture conditions and medium components on the production of extracellular exonuclease and phosphatase by the culture Spicaria violacea BM-105D. pp. 51--55
Summary: Effects of nutrients and growth conditions on the accumulations of extracellular phosphohydrolases (exonuclease and phosphatase) in the culture liquid of Spicaria violacea BM-105D were studied. It was shown that optimal temperature (26 °C) for the biosynthesis of the enzymes did not coincide with that for the fungal growth (30 °C). With respect to the yield of the enzymes, glucose was found to be the best carbon source and peptone the best organic nitrogen source. The growth and the enzyme production processes coincided in time. The rates of the growth (0.065 h-1) and the phosphohydrolase synthesis (10 units • mg-1• h-1 and 58 units • mg-1 • h-1 for exonuclease and phosphatase, respectively) were the highest at the 36th h of culturing. On the basis of the results obtained, optimal medium and culture conditions for the maximum production of the two enzymes by S. violacea BM-105D were closen.
Vereshchako G. G., Khodosovskaya A. M., Konoplya E. F.
Morphofunctional state of the testes in rats exposed to X-radiation before sexual maturity. pp. 56--60
Summary: The weight of the testes, amount of spermatogenic cells and the content of RNA and DNA in the testicular tissue of rats exposed to external radiation at dose 2.0 Gy (dose rate 5.40 cGy/min) before maturity (1month) were studied. Maximum changes in the morphophunctional state of the testes were observed at 1, 10 and 30 days after the exposure, while later spermatogenesis gradually recovered.
Markova A. G., Bagel I. M.
Activity of alkaline phosphatase and its fractions in blood serum of rats with experimental hyperthyrosis, kept in a radionuclide contaminated area. pp. 61--62
Summary: In studies on male rats with experimentally induced thyrotoxicosis a modifying effect of the stay in radioactively contaminated zone on the total alkaline phosphatase activity was shown. The data indicate disturbances in calcium-phosphoric metabolism, resulting in pronounced deviations from the normal range in the activity of thermolabile (bone) fraction.
Ostrovski A. A., Baranovskaya A. B., Shatrova V. A., Ovchinnikov V. A., Maisionak A. G.
Effect of X-ray radiation on the whisker follicles in rats. pp. 63--67
Summary: Changes in the growing of the whiskers in rats during 4--6 day after local X-ray radiation is the most radiosensitive index of the whisker follicular function, with its significant decrease at 1 Gy. The number of apoptotic bodies in the follicular matrix 6 h after the exposure most demonstratively indicates the radiation effect being detectable already at a dose 0.5 Gy.
Belyasova N. A., Chayevskaya T. V., Kandybovich I. I., Gritz N. V.
Formation and regeneration of protoplasts in some strains of genus Lactococcus bacteria. pp. 68--72
Summary: Research of cell wall lysis and regeneration in different starter strains of genera Lactococcus showed that these processes largely depend on a type and doze of agents used, components and density of medium, type and concentration of osmotic stabilizer. In the optimized conditions the efficiency of protoplast formation reached 90--99 %, and the efficiency of cell wall regeneration -- 28--37 %.
Kazakevich V. B., Sidorov A. V., Gourine V. N.
Nitric oxide coordinates feeding and defensive behavior of Lymnaea stagnalis. pp. 73--75
Summary: Coordination of feeding and defensive behavior of the fresh water pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis was studied. Nitric oxide (NO) mimics mollusk an defensive reaction expression during feeding arousal. Intracellular recordings from giant neurons involved in integration of sensory aversive information (RPD1 and LP1) revealed a powerful presynaptic inhibition of excitatory postsynaptic potentials during NO donors application. Presumably, NO behaves as a paracrine coordinating substance of feeding and defensive networks in the L. stagnalis nervous system.
Soltanov V. V., Levkovets V. S.
Effect of bacterial endotoxin E.coli on the content of catecholamines in blood and organs of rats. pp. 76--78
Summary: An hour after intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide the content of noradrenaline and adrenaline in the CNS structures, heart, blood and abdominal organs (except adrenals) significantly increased, whereas 5 h after there was an opposite effect, except the spleen, adrenal glands, and blood where the level of adrenaline was elevated.
Gorbunova N. B., Kalyunov V. N.
The content of testosterone in blood serum and testes of mice during psychosocial stress. pp. 79--81
Summary: Using the competitive radioimmune assay, it was found that the testosterone concentration in blood serum of adult male mice with established hierarchy underwent diurnal variations, with the coefficient of variance being 28--38%. Oppositely directed changes in testosterone in blood and testes were observed after 14 days of isolation and during psychosocial stress (0.5 h). Twenty four hours after, the index under study lost the significance of differences from the intact control.
Yanuta G. G., Sidorovich V. E., Anisimova E. I., Vinchevsky A. E.
The diet of marsh harrier Circus aeruginosus depending on the abundance of small Rodents in north-east Belarus. pp. 82--87
Summary: The diet of marsh harrier in north-eastern part of Belarus (the Poozerre region) was studied. We attempted to reveal peculiarities of its feeding habits in a the characterized by a low population density of small rodents (especially of genus Microtus) in comparison with the year when those were common prey. In the conditions of good food supply, microtine voles were the preferable play, but when their abundance declined the feeding habits of marsh harriers changed. They began to prey secondary food objects (bank vole, hare, muskrat, frogs, and reptiles).
Moroz M. D., Czachorowski S., Lewandowski K., Buczynski P.
Aquatic insects (Insecta: Collembola, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Heteroptera, Trichoptera) in the landscape reserve park Zvanets. pp. 88--92
Summary: The fauna of aquatic insects of the landscape reserve "Zwanec" was studied. The 56 species of them were found belonging to 6 orders: Collembola -- 4 species, Ephemeroptera -- 4 species, Odonata -- 15 species, Heteroptera -- 20 species, Megaloptera -- 1 species and Trichoptera -- 13 species. It is concluded that the fauna of aquatic insects is rich and represented by a number of species rare in Belarus and Europe.
Tereshkin A. M.
Species of the genus Baranisobas Heinrich, 1972 in Belarus. A description Baranisobas sinetubersp. n. (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). pp. 93--98
Summary: The problems of the genus Baranisobas Heinrich taxonomy arc considered. On the base of the authors' material, female of Baranisobas sinetuber spec. nov. from the territory of Belarus is described. In contradistinction to type species it has length of malar space equal breadth of mandible's base, a carina of the pronotal transverse furrow without large tubercle, pronotum shorter, more shiny mesonotum with weak microsculpture on a lateral and hind surface, the shorter spiracles of propodeum which fare removed from lateral carinae of area spiraculifera, weak haired hind coxae without traces of scopa. Collected material presented by males of Baranisobas genus is very heterogeneous by morphology. Investigation of collected males and their comparison with a description of Baranisobas ridibundus (Grav.) holotype description do not allow to associate their with females reliably till present. 31 original drawings of the total female Baranisobas ridibundus (Grav.) and different parts of body of males and females Baranisobas species are given. In the paper data about abundance, seasonal dynamics and biotopical distribution of Baranisobas species from Belarus are addused.
Yermolayev V. V.
Age variability of morphometric traits of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (L.) inhabiting the Neman and Viliya river basins. pp. 99--102
Summary: A regression analysis showed that the direction of age alterations of most morphological characters is common for the European grayling inhabiting the Neman and Viliya river basins (north-west Belarus), expert the lay-out of pectoral, ventral, and anal fins. However, the extent of age changes in the characters is different in each river.
ОБЗОРЫ
Gordei S. I.
Genetic and breeding aspects of the usage of the heterosis effect in winter rye (Secale cereale L.). pp. 103--108
Summary: Genetic and breeding aspects, achievements and problems of making rye hybrid cultivars are discussed. Utilization of the heterosis effect in rye is a promising direction of research for Belarus; it was confirmed by our results of field trials. Obtaining initial material (MC-lines, non-restorers, restorers) with the help of routine and new genetic methods is one of the main problems which have to be solved.
КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ
Koriniak S. I.
Characterization of fungi of the order Hyphomycetales on cultivated medicinal plants. pp. 109--112
Summary: In the vegetation period of the years 1998 and 1999 identification of micromycetes of the order Hyphomycetales on cultivated medicinal plants was carried out. 34 species of hyphomycetes belonging to 16 genera and 2 families were revealed. These fungal species were found on 24 species of medicinal plants of 15 families. A new nine-degree scale of plant affection by pathogenic fungi is proposed.
Bazhanov D. P., Bazhanova A. A.
Demonstration of sequences homologous to pilA gene from Pseudomonas putida in the genome of rhizospheric bacteria. pp. 113--114
Summary: A Southern blot analysis indicated that in 4 of 8 rhizospheric bacteria tested genomic DNA bore sequences highly homologous to pilA gene from P. putida, coding subunits of type-4 fimbria. The type-4 fimbria are supposed to contribute substantially to the interaction of bacterial cells with root surface during root colonization.
Rusina I. M., Makarchikov A. F.
Thiamine triphosphatase activity in subcellular fractions of bovine kidneys. pp. 115--117
Summary: The distribution of thiamine triphosphatase (ThTPase) in bovine kidney subcellular fractions was studied. Cytosolic, nuclear, mitochondrial and microsomal fractions were found to contain 84.9, 4.7, 8.9 and 1.4% of total enzyme activity, respectively. The amount of ThTPase activity in the soluble contents of intracellular particles was 2.5--9.5 times as high as that in their membranes. The data obtained indicate the similarity of ThTP metabolism in non-excitable and excitable tissues. These results may also suggest the existence of ThTPase isoforms and importance of ThTP for organelle functions.
Shliakhtenok A. S.
Wasps of Scolioidea superfamily (Hymenoptera, Aculeata) in Belarus. pp. 118--119
Summary: Faunistic and ecological data on 14 Scolioidea wasp species (Sapygidae: Monosapyga clavicornis (L.), Sapyga quinquepunctata (F.), S. similis (F.), Sapygina decemguttata (Jur.)); Scoliidae: Scolia quadripunctata F., S. hirta (Schrank); Tiphiidae: Methocha ichneumonides Latr., Tiphia femorata F., T. minuta v. d. Lind, T. morio F., T. ruficornis Klug; Mutillidae Myrmosa atra (Pz.), Mutilla europea L., Smicromyrme rufipes (F.)) from Belarus are given.
АННОТАЦИИ ДЕПОНИРОВАННЫХ СТАТЕЙ
Soltanov V. V., Sergeyev V. A.
Responses of smooth muscles of the stomach and its vessels after application of lipopolysaccharide into the ileum. p. 120
Vlasova N. N., Stratilatova E. V., Laman N. A., Trufanova Yu. V.
Effects of growth regulators on the rate of formation of the leaf apparatus in spring barley varieties. p. 120
УЧЕНЫЕ БЕЛАРУСИ
Лобанок А.Г., Ламан Н.А. , Мартинович Б.С.
Борис Иванович Якушев (К 70-летию со дня рождения). C. 121--122
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/ Издания академии / Научные журналы / К началу страницы
Разработана и поддерживается Николаем Н. Костюковичем. Последнее обновление: 10 ноября 2006 г.
Создана при участии Игнатия И. Корсака
Копирайт © 2002-2006 Национальная академия наук Беларуси
Копирайт © 2002 Издательство "Беларуская навука"
