СЕРИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ НАУК
Издатель: Издательский дом Беларуская навука, Минск, Республика Беларусь
| Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси СЕРИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ НАУК Издатель: Издательский дом Беларуская навука, Минск, Республика Беларусь |
Summary: The authors were the first to show the degree of complex influence exerted by climatic factors occurring in Belarus on seasonal dynamics and accumulation parameters of phenolic compounds in the separate parts and above-ground phytomass of Melittis sarmatica Klock.
Getko N. V., Glushakova N. M., Kaler V. L.
Native aggregated forms of chlorophyll in Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus) leaf under container-culture conditions. pp. 11--17
Summary: For the first time in Belarus we investigated the character of modifications in maintenance of native aggregated forms of chlorophyll in the leaf of tropical plant Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus) under container-culture conditions. Adaptation to the lack of light of the Gerbera leaf was possible at the expense of chlorophyll redistribution in favour of shortwave forms. Such adaptation could be realised through both disaggregation of longwave forms and additional synthesis of shortwave forms.
Shibanova E. A., Lovchy N. F.
Productivity of stands and regional peculiarities in forest floor diversity of heather plant (Pinetum callunosum) -- pine forest association in Belarus. pp. 18--22
Summary: The article investigates various conditions of heather growth in Belarus and other areas. It also provides comparative typological characteristics of heather plant -- pine forest association and the analysis of relevant physicochemical soil properties.
Goncharik N. N., Volynets A. P., Kinty P. K.
The aftereffect of steroid glycosides on seed qualities and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). pp. 23--26
Summary: We investigated the aftereffect of steroid glycosides on the germination and initial growth of the seeds of summer wheat varieties entitled 'Belarusian 80' and 'Dalech'. Our long-term experiments confirmed that the capsicozyn aftereffect on 'Dalech' variety was positive in all cases, whereas capsicozyd failed to demonstrate the same aftereffect. The aftereffect of steroid glycosides on 'Belarusian 80' variety was unstable. We discussed the nature of such different response of the studied varieties to steroid glycosides.
Nedved E. L.
The activity of ascorbate peroxidase in leaves of rye (Secale cereale L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) infected with rust and net blotch pathogens. pp. 27--31
Summary: The changes in activity of ascorbate peroxidase and lipid peroxidation in leaves of resistant and susceptible plants infected with obligate and facultative fungus pathogens were investigated. It is shown that the activity of ascorbate peroxidase influences the ratio between oxidative and antioxidaive processes. This ratio can define disease development in susceptible and resistant genotypes.
Shabaleva M. A.
Mechanisms of the decrease in 137Cs accumulation by woody plants under regulated nutrition. pp. 32--38
Summary: Our greenhouse experiments showed that the most marked (up to 99 %) decrease in 137Cs accumulation by pines was caused by the application of potassium which was characterized by antagonistic effect mechanism. The experiments with NPK fertilizer demonstrated that one of the mechanisms of influencing radionuclide uptake could be the 'dissolution' effect. The differentiated approach is required to apply fertilizers to natural forest stands.
Titok V. V., Kubrak S. V., Lugin V. G., Yurenkova S. I., Khotyleva L. V.
Identification of productivity morpho-genetic markers of fiber flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). pp. 39--44
Summary: We analysed the correlation between morphogenetic characters and productivity in the collection of fiber flax cultivars. Morphological features of flax fiber microfibrils and structural components of fiber flax stem were investigated. The obtained results showed that the application of morphogenetic markers for estimating breeding material gave an opportunity to reveal the genotypes exhibiting agronomic properties on the basis of which it was possible to develop competitive and ecologically stable fiber flax cultivars.
Buloichik A. A., Mikhno A. M., Voluevicb E. A.
The influence of nuclear and cytoplasmic genetic systems of the host plant on the expression of defeated genes encoding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) resistance to brown rust. pp. 45--47
Summary: Main characters of polygenic resistance to a mixture of brown rust clones were studied in 5 new series of common wheat alloplasmic lines. Expression of the defeated genes Lr10 and Lr23 was revealed to depend on nuclear and cytoplasmic background of the host plant.
Kremenevskaya E. M.
The yield of embryogenic pollen grains and neoformations in anther culture of triticale and secalotriticum when anther donor plants are treated with phytohormones at early developmental stages. pp. 48--51
Summary: The article studies the share of embryogenic pollen grains (EPG) and the percentage of neoformations in a triticale cultivar and a secalotriticum line depending on exogenous phytohormone treatments, (at the seedling stage), of donor plant anthers. All the treatments of the triticale cultivar resulted in the decrease in all androgenesis parameters in vitro. The kinetin treatment of the secalotriticum made possible to increase the neoformation yield by approximately 1.7 times, as compared to the control. The analysis was performed in order to draw the correlation between the percentage of neoformations and that of EPG. It showed a high degree of correlation between these parameters (within the plants of the same genotype).
Antipova T. V., Gapeeva T. A., Pundik A. N., Tretiakova T. G., Lira A. I., Volotovsky I. D.
Gene fragments of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia phospholipase C: using PCR oligoprimers for cDNA of Nicotiana tabacum. pp. 52--55
Summary: The two Nicotiana plumbaginifolia genomic DNA fragments obtained with the help of non-degenerative primers for Pl-PLC of Nicotiana tabacum have been sequenced. These sequences correspond to the genetic structure of plant PI-PLC. The fragment of about 500 bp size is characteristic of a silent eucaryotic gene (pseudogene).
Drozdova N. I., Skorinko E. V., Melnikova A. M., Konev S. V.
The ozone-induced accumulation of the respiration stimulation factor of yeast. pp. 56--57
Summary: It was shown that the maximum build-up of the respiration stimulation factor of yeast Candida utilis in the incubation solution happened at low dozes of ozone and did not depend on the extent of permeabilization of plasma membrane cells by ozone.
Saphonova M. E., Astapovich N. I., Buryako I. A.
Effect of a nitrogen source on the growth and proteinase activity of Lactobacillus plantarum "MM-9/138". pp. 58--60
Summary: The effect of a nitrogen source on the proteinase activity of Lactobacillus plantarum "HM-9/138" was examined. It was found that the proteinase activity depended on peptide and aminoacid levels in the media. Maximal enzyme activity occurred on the media with 0.1% peptone or triptone, whereas the concentration rise to 2% led to 4-fold decline in the proteinase activity; the increase in aminoacid concentration in the media caused 40% fall in the proteinase activity of L. plantarum "MM-9/138".
Furik N. N., Perfiliev G. D., Safronenko L. V.
Production of phagoresistant lactococcus cultures by the 'secondary growth' method and their application in the ferments of hard rennet cheeses characterised of a low temperature of the second warming. pp. 61--64
Summary: The amount of 66 phagoresistant mutants was obtained with the help of the 'secondary growth' method from 36 lacto-coccus collection cultures used in ferments of hard rennet cheeses characterised of a low temperature of the second warming. We assessed the conservation of phagoresistance of the cultures (the cultures were obtained by the 'secondary growth' method), under re-inoculations in milk and storage in dried form. We also evaluated the probability of preservation of properties vital for cheese-making.
Rovbel N. M.
Sorption potential demonstrated by submerged biomass of higher basidial fungi. pp. 65--68
Summary: Submerged biomass of 20 higher basidial fungi was tested for lead, cadmium and cooper sorption potential in diluted solutions with 0.25 mM initial concentration. Wide variation in sorption capacity was observed among the species and the strains. This capacity ranged to a considerable degree. The maximum uptake potentials were demonstrated by Trametes hirsuta - 0.056 mM Cu (II) per g of biomass, 0.084 mM Pb(II) and 0.102 mM Cd (II) per g of biomass. Heavy metal sorption for the mycelium of T. hirsuta decreased in the order: Cd > Pb > Cu. For all samples of the investigated fungi, experiments revealed the following order of selectivity: Pb > Cd > Cu.
Semak I. V., Korik E. O., Naumova M. V., Slominski A.
New method of determination of arylalkylamin N-ace-tyltransferase activity by high pressure liquid chromatography and mass-spectrometry. pp. 69--73
Summary: We have developed a method that provides simultaneous determination of serotonin, N-acetylserotonin and 5-hyd-roxyindoleacetic acid in incubation mixture. This method may be successfully applied for the analysis of biogenic amine metabolism in "non-classical" sites of amine biosynthesis and degradation.
Razlutsky V. I.
Horizontal distributions and size structures of dominant cladoceran species in pelagic zones of reservoirs. pp. 74--77
Summary: Horizontal distributions and size structures of dominant cladoceran species in pelagic zones of a big shallow lake and little shallow pound were studied. Densities of studied species essentially (several times) differed at various sampling stations. Comparative analysis showed that despite abundance distinctions the size structures of cladoceran populations were similar in different parts of open water zones of investigated reservoirs.
Alekhnovich A. V., Kulesh V. F., Bakulin A. M.
The production of an industrial part of a narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Esch.) population of Oltush lake. pp. 78--81
Summary: The harvestable part of a narrow-clawed crayfish population produces 7.1 ccal/m2 per year, 6.3 ccal/m2 of which is created owing to species growth and remaining 0.8 ccal/m2 -- owing to egg production by females. The annual R/B coefficient is equal to 0.54 for males of the harvestable population part and 0.65 for females with regard to generative production. An annual catch is 55.5% of general somatic production of the harvestable population part.
Derunkov A. V.
Species composition and dominant structure in the staphylinid beetle communities (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) in the contact zone of forest plantations with different species composition. pp. 82--87
Summary: The staphylinid communities have been studied in the zone of contact of pine and deciduous plantations in the Berc-zinsky biosphere reserve. The beetles were collected by means of pitfall trapping. A total of 88 species was collected. The staphylinid species composition in the contact zone changed very little. The most significant changes concerned the dominant structure in the staphylinid beetle communities. The complex of the dominant species (their total abundance was 85%) has been analysed. This complex was divided into five groups of species. The species of the first group were dominants in the beetle community independently of the plantation border position. The species of the second group prevailed in the deciduous plantation mostly. The species of the third group (Atheta europaea only) prevailed inside both forest tracts, but not on their border. The species of the fourth group prevailed in the pine plantations mostly. The species of the fifth group were "eco-tonal dominants" (Tachinus corticinus, Olophrum assimile for example). They prevailed on the border between plantations only.
Galkovskaya G. A., Mityanina I. F.
The structure of rotifer pelagic communities as regards to the temperature stratification in lakes. pp. 88--92
Summary: The structure of pelagic rotifer communities in the vertical water column of four stratified lakes was studied. It was shown that the maximum distance in the cluster dendrogrames of the species density closely correlated with the Secchi depth.
Rusinovich A. A., Kovalev N. A.
Current situation and tendencies of rabies epizootic process in the Republic of Belarus. pp. 93--99
Summary: A rise in the epizootic process of rabies has been observed in the Republic of Belarus since 1996. The number of points not free from infection has increased from 92 to 539 (5.8 times) and numbers of diseased animals increased from 137 to 560 (4.1 times). In 2001, rabies virus infection has spread most intensively in Mogilev, Minsk, and Vitebsk regions, where 120, 100, and 101 cases of rabies were registered respectively. Over 5 years, there were revealed 165 cases in Brest region, 350 cases in Vitebsk region, 221 cases in Comel region, 203 cases in Grodno region, 233 cases in Minsk region, and 157 cases of rabies of animals in Mogilev region. Wild animals are the main factor of disease spreading, especially foxes and raccoons. The population of these animals species has increased from 35767 to 51484 animals over recent 10 years. Measures carried out against rabies permit only to restrain rates of disease spreading. In current conditions, the most effective ways of infection control include the decrease in the numbers of wild carnivore and the total use of a vaccine.
Sushchenya L. M., Rybianets N. M., Nikiforov M. Y.
The Nature Conservation Network of Belarus as a part of the Pan-European Ecological Network. pp. 100--103
Summary: The review of scientific and practical activities on Ecological Network creation at the national, regional and international level in the Republic of Belarus in cooperation with the international organizations was drawn. We showed the significance of the implementing activities for the biosphere conservation under the conditions of industrial community development. Successive realization of the idea of the Polesie Regional Ecological Network creation and its' integration into the Pan-European Ecological Network was considered as a model.
Sauchenka U. K.
Academician P. F. Rokitski and progress in genetics, bioevolutics and ecology. pp. 104--108
Summary: Academician P. F. Rokitski, whose birth centenary was celebrated this year, was an outstanding scientist in the field of genetics and biometry. He was a member of the famous scientific team headed by N. K. Koltsov. Rokitski's studies focused on phenogenetics, quantitative characters and marker genes, radiation genetics, relationship between variability and selection, theory of animal breeding, philosophy and history of genetics. His textbooks on genetics, statistical genetics and biometry brought up several generations of researchers in different countries. He established a world-renowned and highly productive scientific school. Awarded the State Prize in Science and Technology, Rokitski was a president-founder of the Belarusian Society of Geneticists and Breeders. He greatly contributed to the development of genetics, bioevolutics and ecology.
Torchik V. I., Antonjuk E. D., Shilova O. G.
The influence of the substratum temperature on the root formation of Canadian conical spruce (Picea glauca 'Conica') under winter propagation by cuttings. pp. 109--110
Summary: We revealed the dependence of duration and percentage of Picea glauca 'Conica' rooting on the phenological phase of the mother plant and substratum temperature in a heated winter green-house in the conditions of Belarus.
Ermishina N. M.
Number reduction of main ear spikelet nodules during the ontogenesis of barley (Hordeum vul-gare L.) varieties different in ecological stability. pp. 111--114
Summary: The greatest reduction in the number of the spikelet nodules of the main ear of barley varieties took place in the interval between V--VI and VIII stages of organogenesis. Varieties, which were stable in different environment, were characterized of minimal difference between number of spikelet nodules reduction in favourable and unfavourable conditions for grain yield formation.
Chumakov L. S., Khromykh M. N.
Mesofauna of bog pine forests of specially protected reserves in Belarus. pp. 115--116
Summary: This study was conducted to investigate soil mesofauna of the ledum plant association found in the bog pine forests of Berezinsky biosphere reserve, "Pripiatsky" National Park and "Ostrova Duleby" preserve (Mogilev region of Belarus).
Лесникович А.И., Волотовский И.Д., Хотылева Л.В. и др.
Леонид Михайлович Сущеня (К 75-летию со дня рождения). С. 117--119
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Лесникович А.И., Хотылева Л.В., Сущеня Л.М. и др.
Игорь Дмитриевич Волотовский (К 65-летию со дня рождения). С. 120--122
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