СЕРИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ НАУК
Издатель: Издательский дом Беларуская навука, Минск, Республика Беларусь
| Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси СЕРИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ НАУК Издатель: Издательский дом Беларуская навука, Минск, Республика Беларусь |
Summary: Procedure of introduction of Agastache rugosa in culture in vitro were worked out and optimum conditions were selected for the microclonal multiplication of Agastache rugosa in the culture in vitro. Processes of morphogenetic activity of leaf and stem explants of Agastache rugosa were studied.
Shutova A. G., Karpinskaya H. V., Sergeenko N. V., Paromchik I. I., Makhnach S. A.
Characteristics of phenolic secondary metabolites of basil Ocimum basilicum L. pp. 10--13
Summary: Essential oil of basil (O. basilicum) cultivated on an experimental selection plot of the Institute of Vegetable Crops of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus was isolated. Gas-chromatography analysis of the basil oil allows concluding that the plant belongs to the European chemotype, but with reduced syntheses of methylchavicol. The contents of phenols, flavonols hydroxycinnamuc acids in the sample of overground mass were determined.
Gribok N. A., Svitkovskaya O. I.
The features of seasonal dynamics of phenolic compounds of Colchicum L. genus representatives in the conditions of Belarus. pp. 14--17
Summary: The seasonal dynamics of contents anthocyan pigments, catechins, tannins, flavonoid glycosides, phenolecarboxylic acids and polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase activities in the structural components of Colchicum speciosum Stev. and C. autumnale L. phytomasse were established. The aerial organs contained the greatest amounts of the phenolic compounds in the flowering and budding phases and the bulbotubers in the beginning vegetation. It was detected the similarity of the basic tendencies in the seasonal dynamics of the secondary metabolites of Colchicum genus representatives. But it was found some species specific features of the phenolic metabolism.
Koroleva N. Y., Gordei I. A., Peneva T. I.
Particularities of prolamin secalotriticum expression and its parental forms. pp. 18--21
Summary: It was shown that secalotriticum S374-1 is loss or reprisal of genetic material of IRS chromosomes. Revealing at S374-1 the biotypes content a material of 1DS chromosome, allows to carry out selection of genotypes with the improved baking properties. Form-building process of secalotriticum S374-1 are proceeding and consequently evolved different various of biotypes, from witch some of them are close to wheat. In this connection it is necessary the control by secaloticum during its creation and further selection.
Morozova I. M., Laman N. A.
Intraspecific seed production polymorphism of Galega orientalis Lam. pp. 22--25
Summary: Seed production polymorphism of Galega orientalis Lam. was investigated. Different phenotypes of Galega orientalis were identified. Potential and real seed productivities, ratio of real to potential productivity, and weight of seeds from one shoot, weight of 1000 seeds of different phenotypes were studied. It was shown, medium height phenotype had maximal seed productivity.
Sudnic A. F., Deeva V. P.
Change of activity of peroxidase and ascorbateoxidase at separate genotypes of barley Hordeum vulgare L. at interaction of phytoregulators and fungicides. pp. 26--31
Summary: Protective action of phytoregulators -- emistime C, epibrassinolide at their short-term interaction with fungicidal preparation vintsit at a level of activation of the some enzymatic systems of antioxidative protection at grades and isoplasmatic lines of barley is revealed. The role of a nuclear and cytoplasmic genes in character of response to influence of preparations at separate and complex use is discussed.
Vedeneev A. N.
Modification by quartazine, amistime C and epibrassinolide of osmotic metabolites accumulation in various genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). pp. 32--37
Summary: Modification of osmotic metabolites (free proline, cholin, glycinbetain) accumulation induced by plant growth regulators (quartazine, amistime C, epibrassinolide) in different barley genotypes was studied. It was shown that phytoregulators depending on the chosen action were able to regulate the osmotic metabolites balance before, during and after drought. By means of isoplasmic lines it was revealed that plant growth regulators depending on their nature, plant genotype and osmotic substance exhibit a tendency to increase a role of cytoplasm for withstanding drought.
Stepanchik V. V., Ropot V. G.
Ecology basis of pine plantations planting dense in technogen pollution conditions. pp. 38--43
Summary: Changes of trees survival and pine cultures condition with different dense in technogen pollution were researched. It's established that increase of planting dense and change of length between rows and step of planting influence on these parameters harmful. It's prove that minimal length between rows in technogen pollution conditions must be 1.75--2.00 m, and step of planting -- 0.9--1.0 m.
Podlisskikh V. E., Anoshenko B. Yu.
Disturbances of meiotic spindle and chromosome segregations in diploid potato clones with the inherited abnormalities "tripolar spindles" and "irregular AII". pp. 44--49
Summary: The second meiotic division abnormalities "irregular (irr) and tripolar (tps) chromosome segregations" were studied in interspecies hybrids of diploid potato. The results obtained shown that these abnormalities are genetically determined modifications of the phenomenon "fused spindles" (fs). The primary morphological effect of irr and tps breach in meiotic was abnormal spindle construction in which spindles fusion took place in some part of their area in contrast to fs with full fusion. In the case of tps, spindle fusion took plase in zone of the division pole only. In the case of irr, zone of fusion area and angle of spindle intersection (fusion) varied. Such abnormal spindle construction resulted in the secondary meiotic abnormalities: irregular and tripolar chromosome segregation at AII and formation abnormal cells at TII and Tetrad stages.
Titok V. V., Yurenkova S. I.
Integral parameters of energy metabolism in developing fiber flax (Linum usitatis-simum L.) productivity. pp. 50--55
Summary: Correlation analysis was performed among bioenergical parameters, morphological traits and productivity in cultivars and F1-hybrids of fiber flax. The results obtained indicate the key role of macroergic compounds and recovery equivalent in regulating activity of growth and development processes and productivity of fiber flax. The bioenergical factors playing the key role in productivity formation were identified.
Shimko V. E., Kulminskaya I. V., Gordei I. A., Guzuk L. I.
Analysis of microsporogenesis in self-fertile lines of winter rye (Secale cereale L.). pp. 56--60
Summary: The paper presents the results of the cytogenetic analysis of microsporogenesis in self-fertile lines of winter rye. There were chosen the lines with disturbances of microsporogenesis and chromosome pairing: ring univalents, tetravalents, hetero-morphic bivalents of a different configuration, chromosome fragments, interchromosomal linkages between not homologous chromosome and etc., that allows application of the line collection for studying mechanisms of homologous pairing and meiotic recombination, synapsis and chiasma formation in this species.
Kukso P. A., Kruglova N. N., Ivanova E. A.
Anatomical and biochemical characteristics of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) anther morphogenesis in vivo. pp. 61--66
Summary: We performed biochemical analysis of the triptase activity during wheat anther morphogenesis at the level of the following discrete supramolecular structures: metabolically active, insecure, and secure structures bound with cyto-intercellular matrix. Anther morphogenesis was analysed at various periods of anther forming and maturation: (a) anther during forming; (b) formed anther; (c) anther during maturation; (d) mature anther. It was shown that the activity of the triptases was connected with the period of anther maturation (strongly vacuolated microspore formation). This activity most noticeably manifested at the level of discrete heteropolymer structures insecurely bound with the cyto-intracellular matrix.
Selezneva Yu. V.
Identification of a gene responsible for the carotenoid production by bacteria Pantoea agglomerans. pp. 67--69
Summary: We have studied a mutant gene of Pantoea agglomerans 1E. These bacteria have increased production of carotenoid pigments. The mutant gene was cloned and sequensed. It was found the homological on aminoacidic contens to hnr (rssB) of E. coli. RssB takes part in degradation of RpoS (ss). Sigma-factor (ss) is necessary for transcription of some stress genes of E. coli. It can be that regulation mechanisms of expression of RpoS dependent genes are similar in E. coli and P. agglomerans. During the logarithmic growth RssB interacts directly with RpoS. Futher, this protein complex is recognized by ClpXP-protease, which then degrades RpoS. The amount of ss increases in the P. agglomerans IE cells, bearing the mutant rssB, during the exponencial growth. This leads to early expression of RpoS dependent genes including the genes responsible for carotenoid biosynthesis. That's why the mutant bacteria begin to produce pigments earlier and can accumulate the larger amounts of carotenoids in comparison to wild type cells.
Dubovskaya L. V., Volotovsky I. D.
Phytohormones affect synthesis and hydrolysis of cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in oat seedlings (Avena saliva L.). pp. 70--74
Summary: Effect of indol-3-acetic acid, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, gibberellic acid, abscisic acid and 24-epibrassinolide on specific activity of guanylyl cyclase and cGMP-hydrolysing phosphodiesterase (PDE) in cells of oat seedlings was revealed. Phytohormone action on cGMP content was shown to be basically mediated through the stimulation of guanylyl cyclase activity with the involvement of GTP-binding proteins and Ca2+ ions. Activation of PDE by several phytohormones is likely to underlie a negative regulatory mechanism decreasing concentration of cGMP up to the prestimulation level. cGMP and the enzymes of its turnover are discussed to be the elements of molecular crosstalk between phytohormones signaling cascades in plants.
Abramchik L. M., Serdyuchenko E. V., Kabashnikova L. E.
Functional activity of PS 2 in coleoptiles and leaves of barley and triticall seedlings. pp. 75--78
Summary: The data showing the presence of breaches in the structural organization of the photosynthetic apparatus of cereal col-eoptiles was obtained. The mentioned breaches could be the course of the PS 2 low activity in triticum coleoptiles and of absence PS 2 function in barley coleoptiles.
Lobanok E. S., Vadetskaya T. N., Vorobey A. V., Vasilevich I. B.
The role of glutation in protection of blood system cells at photodynamic action of endogenous porphyrins. pp. 79--82
Summary: It is shown, that the cells of blood system in vitro are capable to repare potentially lethal of photodamage with participation enzymating systems with using glutathion as a reduced equivalent. The protective action of tiole from photosensibilized endogenous porphyrins damages depends on a type of cells. The regulation of content the reduced glutathione in cells and activity glutathiondepending enzymes can be one of the perspective approaches to development the methods to increase of efficiency photodynamic therapy with using 5-aminolevulinic acid.
Safronava H. V., Sukhovitskaya L. A., Karalenak N. V., Taggil I. I.
Population dynamics of new symbiotrophic phosphate-mobilizing inoculants and resident microorganisms in risosphere of legume plants. pp. 83--88
Summary: It was shown that competitive substitution of introduced R. leguminosarum bv. pisum 5114 and R. leguminosarum bv. vicia 2303 species by oligonitrophilic, ammonifying (including sporulating forms) and mineral N-digesting microorganisms did not occur in model systems. It was found that population of phosphate -- mobilizing Streptococcus sp. 35 in mixed culture with microorganisms dominating in peas and vicia rhizosphere have tended to decrease.
Litvyak V. V., Zhakova K. L, Romanov S. L.
Two-wave spectrophotometric method for determination content of the nucleic acids in baking yeast. pp. 89--93
Summary: The simple method of definition of the contents of nucleic acids and functional activity DNA in baking yeast is offered. It doesn't demand expensive devices and materials, and possesses big sensitivity. This method can be applied with success in the food-processing industry to the analysis fermentation's activity of yeast. The method is based on the ability of purine's and pyrimidine's bases of nucleic acids in absorbing ultraviolet beams in the field of 260--270 nanometers.
Sidorovich V. E., Polosov A. G., Trusilova Yu. A., Ivanova N. V., Solovej I. A., Arisimova E. I.
Variability in the structure of small mammal community in grassy marshes of north-eastern Belarus. pp. 94--102
Summary: Analyses of the current structure of small mammal (Rodentia, Insectivora) community in open grassy marshes of northeastern Belarus was carried out. It seasonal and between-year variations was investigated. The destructive trends in the prey community in connection with the American mink naturalization were revealed. The trends including decline in riparian small mammal species (the water vole, the root vole and the water shrew) and their substituting by dry land micromammalian species were studied.
Tereshkin A. M.
Species of Homotherus and Stenaoplus genera (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae) in Belarus. pp. 103--107
Summary: Faunistic, taxonomic and ecological data (abundance, seasonal dynamics, biotopical distribution) of Homotherus Forstcr and Stenaoplus Heinrich species from Belarus are given. Species of Homotherus genus can be found both in the open and forest biotopes. They prefer coniferous forests. Maximum abundance both of males and females of species is registered in the period of June. Stenaoplus pictus (Grav.) inhabits only in the coniferous forests, first of all pine forests. Its seasonal dynamic indicates for the high probability hibernation as adult. Original drawings of the total Homotherus locutor (Thunberg, 1822) and Stenaoplus pictus (Gravenhorst, 1829) females and theirs parts of body are given.
Lapaeva N. V.
The analysis of populations of a butterfly weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in biogeocenoses depending on different anthropogenic loading. pp. 108--112
Summary: The article deals with the results of an investigation of morphometric characteristics of the populations of Sitona lepidus Gyll. suburbs of Soligorsk and Minsk which were pressed by a anthropogenic factor and the populations which were found at the protected territory of the Berezinsky State Biosphere Reserve. Except morphometric investigations there was an attempt to study fecundity of different populations of a butterfly weevil. It was found the most vulnerable of all four populations appeared to be a population of Soligorsk and the most stable were populations from the Berezinsky State Biosphere Reserve.
Yanchurevich O. V., Emelianchic S. V.
Definition of age an amphibians by a method skeletochronology. pp. 113--117
Summary: The technique of definition of amphibians absolute age, on an example Bufo bufo was offered and approbation. This method is effective in work and sparing for populations of researched animals. The age structure of populations Bufo bufo of Grodno depends on a degree of urbanization territories: the average age males and females in strong urbanization of a zone has made 2.6 and 3.45 years, accordingly, in average urbanization -- 2.75 and 3.67, and in small urbanization -- 3.05 and 4.04. Males of Bufo bufo more, than females are subject to influence the factors of urbanizations, that is shown in decrease of a share middle-aged of males in reproductions groupings in conditions of strong anthropogenous loading. Bufo bufo is shown sexual dimorphism and high individual variability on rates resorbtion originally postponed bones of a fabric in phalanges of fingers.
Volotovich A. A.
Availability evaluation of new oil sunflower hybrids. pp. 118--120
Summary: By the main characters (seed weight per head and percent oil in seed) and by the percent of healthy plants to harvesting the availability of 39 Byelorussian hybrids has been determined with respect to Don 22 and Partner hybrids. The method of availability evaluation of new oil sunflower hybrids is suggested.
Chumakov L. S.
Peat bog plant cover monitoring. pp. 121--124
Summary: The study provides the data gathered after eight-year observations of the peat bog plant cover development under severe anthropogenic impact.