Известия Нац. академии наук Беларуси. Сер. биол. наук, 2005, No.4
/ Издания академии / Научные журналы
Известия Нац. академии наук Беларуси. Сер. биол. наук, 2005, No.4
| Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси
СЕРИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ НАУКИздатель: Издательский дом Беларуская навука, Минск, Республика Беларусь |
Номер 4, 2005
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
СТАТЬИ
Pyatnitsa F. S., Rupasova J. A., Ruban N. N., Yakovlev A. P., Pavlovsky N. B., Stepanyuk M. L., Novitskaya O. N.
Particularities of fructification of blueberry tall species (Vaccinium covilleanum) on the background of an action the mineral fertilizers in Belarus south regions. pp. 5--10
Summary: The results of study the parameters of a fructification of three industrial species of a blueberry tall which differ with terms of a maturing, in a field experiment by classical scheme with the 8-alternative variants on the background of an action N60, P60, K60 in austral agroclimatic range of Byelorus are given. Variants of experiments which provide the greatest relative increase of crop of berries are established.
Glushakova N. M., Getko N. V.
Pigments fund of assimilating organs of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus) and its efficiency of blossom in conditions in the culture of limited soil volume. pp. 11--19
Summary: Gerbera plants growing in the limited soil volume (to 2 dm3) allows to receive good characteristics in the accumulation of leave dry weight and productivity of the blossom when ion-exchange resin (Biona) was used as addition to basic soil substratum. The optimal correlation value of the chlorophyll density to the leaf surface unit, which provides the high photosynthesis efficiency for gerbera are reached in conditions of 14--15 hr day light in February (with the supplementary illumination), May and September. Volume and composition of substratum influence on need of plant gerbera in the light.
Volynets A. P., Prohor D. M.
Growth and antibiotic activity of phenol compounds in the process of barley (Hor-deum vulgare L.) seeds germination. pp. 20--23
Summary: Regulatory and antibiotic activity of phenol compounds in the process of infected and healthy barley seeds' germination was studied. It's clear that highest complex activity on seeds' germination are actions by vanillin acid, askulin, and askuletin.
Sanko N. V., Deeva V. P.
Phytoregulators effect on water metabolism and resistance of barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L.) to insufficient water supply. pp. 24--29
Summary: Emistim C and epibrassinolide improve water exchange, increase drought resistance, productivity of isoplasmic barley lines and of their nucleus- and cytoplasm donors under insufficient water supply conditions were shown. Less phytoregulator -susceptible genotypes have shown the highest resistance to water deficit. Emistim C increased an adaptive potential of barley plants to drought to a greater degree than epibrassinolide. In isoplasmic barley lines directionality of the phytoregulator effect on water exchange parameters depended predominantly on their nuclear genome donors and grain productivity per plant was maximum on the background of their cytoplasm donors.
Kalatskaya J. N., Vlasova N. N., Laman N. A.
Influence of presowing treatment of spring barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L.) by acetone with the THIRAM on the plant growing, development and productivity. pp. 30--34
Summary: Influence of presowing treatment of spring barley seeds var. Gonar by acetone with the THIRAM on the plant growing, development and productivity have been investigated in greenhouse experiments. Seed presowing treatment accelerated the plant development, activated the shooting and increased the grain productivity in comparison with the control was shown. Application of fungicide in organic solvent allows to decrease the dose of the THIRAM and to diminish pesticide load to environmental.
Yanchevskaya T. G., Kopylova N. A., Makarova T. B., Zhukova M. I., Zubkevich O. N.
The growth regulators effect of postactivity on the cultivation of meristem plant of potato (Salanum tuberosum L.) by using ionitoponic technology. pp. 35--38
Summary: The influence of positive stability inductors on growth and synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, flavonoids and tuber formation of regenerant grafts of potato plants, growing up on ionexchange substrate Triona was researched. The results reconfirm the supposition about existence of postactivity this substances. The positive stability inductors can be used for engineering new methodical receptions in technology of all-the-year-round receiving of mini-tubers.
Fedoruk A. T.
Particularities of arboreous introduced species generative development in the conditions of Belarus. pp. 39--43
Summary: The leading factor determining a successful fruiting of arboreous introduced species is a plant organogenesis character and its correspondence with a general rhythm of weather-climatic conditions of the region.
Glushkova I. V., Anoshenko I. P.
Formation of genetic resistance in the experimental Drosophila populations to action irradiation and copper vitriol. pp. 44--47
Summary: The Cu population kept for 35 generations on nutrient medium with 1 mM CuSO4 was resistant to the action of increased concentrations of copper vitriol but not to additional acute irradiation. In CuO and O populations exposed by g-irradiation (15 Gy/generation) adaptation to both irradiation effect and single copper vitriol treatment with increased concentration of flies was formed during the same period, with the CuO population being the most adapted to the effect of irradiation and copper in contrast with all experimental populations.
Bazhanov D. P., Bazhanova A. A., Okulich L. A., Strienok N. S.
Initial colonization roots of crop by a nitrogen fixing bacterium Burkholderia sp.418 and its Nifc and Nif- derivatives. pp. 48--50
Summary: A nitrogen-fixing bacterium Burkholderia sp.418 (former Pseudomonas sp.418) colonizing roots of different crops after seed inoculation was found. Genetic modifications in nitrogen fixation did not affect substantially the initial root colonization.
Artyukh D. Yu.
Particularities of expression of fertility restoration genes in developing F1 line-population hybrids of rye (Secale cereale L.). pp. 51--53
Summary: The particularities of expression of fertility restoration genes in developing line-population hybrids of winter rye are presents. The features of pollen fertility restoration and heterosis manifestation depending on the genotype of parental components in the F1 hybrids were revealed.
Sauchanka V. K.
Coenogenomics: interactions and interconnections of species genomes. pp. 54--59
Summary: Species genomes represent set of gene associations in space and time being in continuous movement and play role of nods in the planetary coenogenomic web. The elementary genomic associations as well as branched genomic networks of biotic communities are based on their structured and functional interactions and inter connections. Genetic connections in wardly of genomes assotiations and network are non-rendom product of species genomes coexistence in the framework of organized, coadapted and coevolved clasters of species within various biotic communities of our planet.
The conceptual model of coenogenomic interactions and connections is presented which take into account exchange by DNA fragments, RNA molecules, proteins and divers metabolites between genomes of biological species between biotic community.
The study architectonic of coenogenomic connections, species genome associations and networks is the main task of coenogenomics as a new field of research on intercross of genomics, biogeocoenology and bioevolutics.
Pundik A. N., Gapeeva T. A., Tretyakova T. G., Pilko A. A., Volotovsky I. D.
The construction of binary vector systems for agrobacteria transformation to change phospholipase C genes expression in plants. pp. 60--63
Summary: On the basis of Nicotiana tabacum cDNA the vector systems have been constructed harbouring chimera genes to change phospholipase C genes expression in cells of plants. The functional activity of reporter gene from T-region as well as binary vector stability in agrobacteria cells have been estimated.
Charnavets T. S., Mazhul' V. M.
Inhibitor analysis of protease-induced aggregation of platelets. pp. 64--66
Summary: Inhibitor analysis of protease action on the aggregative activity of platelets has been carried out. The results testify to the role for degradation products of inositol-containing phospholipids by phospholipase C and cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase products of arachidonate metabolism and increase of intracellular calcium in mediating of serine proteases effects.
Makarov V. N., Zenevich L. A., Chugacvskaya N. A., Kabashnikova L. F.
Photosynthetic activities in wheat re-generants (Triticum aestivum L.) during in vitro cultivation. pp. 67--70
Summary: Photosynthetic parameters in wheat regenerants acclimated to a specific enviroment of culture in vitro by the fluorescent parameters of chlorofill a were measured. It is shown the low level of chlorophyll and carotenoid contents was associated with low photochemical activities. Photochemical quenching qP was higher and nonphotochemical quenching qN lower in control leaves. The results indicated that development of the photosynthetic apparatus was slightly dependent on the type of substratum.
Melnikov S. S., Manankina E. E., Shalygo N. V.
Cultivation of Dunaliella salina Teod. on the solid wastes of PA "Belaruskali". pp. 71--73
Summary: Cultivation of Dunaliella salina during 60 days in medium containing 150 g/l solid wastes of PA "Belaruskali" leads to increase of algae productivity up to 60%, and carotenoid contents in a biomass by 2.6 times compared to cultivation of algae in standard Artary's medium. Decrease of chlorophyll amounts by two times in such conditions was caused by the deficiency of nitrogen in medium.
Syakhovich V. E., Parul D. A., Bokut S. B.
Mass spectrometry analyses of human hemoglobin A1C. pp. 74--81
Summary: Mass spectrometry analyses of human hemoglobin A1C structure by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to characterize HbA1C glycosylation. Mass spectrometric data show the second part if HbA1C peak contains hemoglobin with an a2bbmod quarternary structure. According to the 3D structure of hemoglobin, the potential glycosylation target b-Val-1 is located in the central cavity and the modification of only one b-chain would be sufficient to inhibit 1,8-ANS binding. We tested that proposal by fluorescent spectroscopy: our results confirm the prediction the additional carbohydrate group situated in the central cavity of hemoglobin molecules acts as "internal" competitive inhibitor of 1,8-ANS binding to hemoglobin with inhibition constant, Ki, equaled to 2.03 ± 0.41 • 10-5 M.
Gontcharova I. A., Rovbel N. M.
Influence of composition of nutrishing medium on sorption of copper ions by biomass Pleurotus ostreatus (FR.) P. Kumm and Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis.: FR) P. Karst. pp. 82--85
Summary: Sorption of copper ions by mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum on media having different sources of carbon and nitrogen nutrient was investigated. It was demonstrated that sources of nitrogen influenced on the copper sorption capacity of P. ostreatus and G lucidum more considerably than ones of carbon. The copper sorption capacity of submerged mycelium correlated with the content of cell walls and chitin-glucan complex. The influence of the nutrient media on copper binding was decreased in the following order: mycelia > cell walls > chitin-glucan complex.
Zhakova K. I., Litvjak V. V., Romanov S. L., Bondarkova O. M.
The contents of nucleic acids in the baking yeast enriched with selenium. pp. 86--89
Summary: The results of definition the contents of nucleic acids and functional activity DNA in the baking yeast enriched with selenium have been submitted. It is found, that mineral selenium renders strong influence on a barmy cell causing reduction in quantity of nucleic acids and falling functional activity DNA. The optimum concentration of selenium in nutrient medium, allowing to receive the yeast enriched by this microelement with physiological and biochemical characteristics practically not distinguished from the control sample has been found.
Kozlo P. G.
The estimation of the modern condition the population of European bison (Bison b. bonasus L.) and national program of action on conservation of the species. pp. 90--99
Summary: In the article the state of international bison's total number has been demonstrated and the threat and actual problems of species preservation have been shown. The mane conception of National Belorussian program on conservation, resettlement and using of the European bison (Program 'Bison') have been expounded. The metapopulation model of free-living bison's subpopulations with different status and regimes including main fund (insured) -- for bison's from nature reserves and national parks and reserve fund -- for animals inhabiting territories of general economic usage, are recognized more optimal and realistic. The results of first stage of program fulfillment have been sum up. In 1994--2000 78 bisons were caught in National park "Byelaya Vezha forest" and became the founder of 5 new centers of free-living subpopulations. The bison's reintroduction was successful. In centers bison's number has been reached 226 individuals in 2004. There are 610 individuals in Belarus compared with 347 before the start of the Program "Bison".
Denisova S. I.
The development of Antheraea pernyi G.-M. depending on the mineral compound of leaves weakening plants. pp. 100--105
Summary: In the begiuning of the experiment, feeding plants for Antheraea pernyi G.-M. -- vak Quercus robur L. and birch Betula pendula L. -- were intentionally weakened by storing branches during 24--48 hrs in dark at 90--100 percent humidity. Optimization of potassium-phosphorus and potassium-calcium leaf balances to occur at the initial stage of the weakening has been found. It results in enhancing viability and proliferation of caterpillars eating these leaves. Consuming 3-day weakened leaves goes together with developing acidose, which is due to lowering pH of intestinal environment and hemolymph evoked by non-optimal chemical composition of the leaves. As such weakening continues, content of copper, but chromium and zinc increases, but content of iron and cobalt are decreased.
ОБЗОРЫ
Gordey I. A.
The problems of Secalotriticum genome formations (x Secalotriticum RRAABB, 6x = 42). pp. 106--111
Summary: The key stages of the genome formation process in a new type of rye-wheat amphidiploids with rye cytoplast -- secalotriticum were considered in paper. It presents genetic preconditions for intensifying rye genome expression and increasing an adaptive potential of the new cereal crop -- secalotriticum. Major approaches and methods for studying structural and functional features of formation and reconstruction of secalotriticum genome were described.
Volotovich A. A.
Plant protection from the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. pp. 112--116
Summary: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is an emerging necrotrophic fungal pathogen affecting a lot of crops. Effective pathogenesis by the fungus requires the secretion of oxalic acid. Cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDE), including endo(exo)polygalacturonases and pectinases, are the most important pathogenicity factors. Biology, genetics, the phytopathogenicity mechanisms, providing the pathogen with the inherent ability to release galacturonic acid from plant cell walls and to trigger inducible enzyme synthesis, are examined in the article. The antifungal effects of fungal biocontrol agents and different organic/inorganic compounds are discussed to protect the plants.
КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ
Rodionova S. Ju.
About influence of auksins and their mixes with vitamins to the root formation ability by grafts of decorative species of plants. pp. 117--118
Summary: The graft root formation ability of 16 species of ornamental tropical and subtropical plants that have been introducing in Belarus floriculture was investigated. The grafts were treated by indolilbutiric acid and naphtilacetic acid and their mixtures with B1, B6, PP and C vitamins. Mixture of indolilbutiric acid with vitamins was the most effective composition for stimulation root formation.
ЛЮДИ НАУКИ
Сущеня Л.М., Остапеня А.П.
Георгий Георгиевич Винберг (К 100-летию со дня рождения). С. 119--121
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Разработана и поддерживается Николаем Н. Костюковичем. Последнее обновление: 11 ноября 2006 г.
Создана при участии Игнатия И. Корсака
Копирайт © 2005-2006 Национальная академия наук Беларуси
Копирайт © 2005 Издательский дом "Беларуская навука"
