Навіны медыка-біялагічных навук, 2005, No.2
/ Выданні акадэміі / Навуковыя часопісы
Навіны медыка-біялагічных навук, 2005, No.2
Number 2, 2005
ЗМЕСТ
PHYSIOLOGY AND GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Sitnikova E. Yu., Raevsky V. V.
Morphological bases of compensation of the deficit of sensory inflow in early ontogenesis. pp. 5--11
Summary: Golgi-stained brain slices from 27--35-day old rats were used to study the effect of complete vibrissa removal, performed at 1 st or 9th postnatal day, on the morphometric characteristics of cortical neurons in the vibrissa projection area. The specificity of structural changes caused by vibrissectorny was shown to be determined by two major factors. The first crucial factor was the degree of cell maturity on the moment of the deafferentation onset. In the superficial cortical layers (III and IV) that had a lower maturation rate, as compared to deeper (V) layers, neurons had smaller soma areas and total dendrite length, with the structure of the dendritic field displaying no noticeable changes. Neurons of deeper layers under the same conditions were characterized by a wide spectrum of dendritic tree rearrangements. The second factor was the specificity of interactions between neurons belonging to different populations and thalamic afferents. Neurons of layer IV, directly connected with the thalamus, displayed the most marked changes. Small stellate neurons of layer V, connected with thalamic afferents indirectly, demonstrated virtually no structural alterations.
Morozova I. L., Soltanov V. V.
Responses of the colonic afferent fibres to intraluminal administration of lipopolysaccharide E.coli during experimental colitis. pp. 12--16
Summary: In acute experiments on thiopental-anesthetized rats (70 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), it was found that infusion of 10 µg of LPS E. coli to the colonic lumen changed the afferent activity of the colonic nerves in different phases of the experimental colitis development. In comparision with control rats it was observed that LPS evoked both stimulating and inhibiting reactions on the late phases ( 8--10 days) of the inflammatory process.
Vismont F. I., Korotkevich T. V., Kasap V. A., Andrushevich T. F.
Effect of iodine-containing thyroid hormones on the level of blood lipoprotein cholesterol in CLP peritonitis rats. pp. 17--19
Summary: In experiments on rats, changes in the cholesterol levels in different classes of blood lipoproteins, in the liver and adrenals and effects of iodine-containing thyroid hormones on lipoprotein metabolic parameters during experimental CLP peritonitis were studied. It was found that injection of thyroxin and triiodothyronine to rats with CLP peritonitis caused an increased animal lethality and did not prevent changes in lipoprotein metabolism, typical for systemic inflammation, such as a decrease in HDLP cholesterol and an increase in LDLP+VLDLP cholesterol blood level and atherogenic coefficient.
Lapikov S. I., Gourine V. N.
Effect of intratracheally administered BCG vaccine on the activity of pulmonary vagal afferents. pp. 20--22
Summary: In acute experiments on anesthetized white rats, it was found that intratracheal administration of BCG vaccine increased the activity of afferent fibres of the vagus nerve.
Lukashenko P. V., Kalunov V. N., Savanovich I.I.
Alteration of the MCM gene expression in human neuroblastoma cell lines by acute cytomegaloviral infection. pp. 23--25
Summary: The MCM gene expression in a model of human neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines UKF-NB-2, UKF-NB-4 and that in acutely cytomegalovirus-infected human NB cell lines UKF-NB-2Hi91* and UKF-NB-4Hi91* were compared. It was found that during acute CMV infection in NB cell lines the MCM gene expression increased 72 h after. Such expression is aimed at maintaining virus replication, subsequently resulting in disturbance of cell cycle-associated processes.
Naruta E. E., Nikolayeva I. A., Lis R. E., Buko V. U.
A hepatoprotective effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid in experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. pp. 26--29
Summary: The effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in rats fed choline- and methionine-deficient diet (MCD) was studied. The treatment with TUDCA normalized most of the parameters changed by the MCD feeding. TUDCA (50 mg/kg) practically normalized the morphological texture of the liver, where only single fat droplets were observed. Both doses of TUDCA used lowered AsAT and A1AT activities, blood glucose and liver triglycerides content. The data obtained demonstrated a clear hepatoprotective effect of TUDCA in an experimental alimentary NASH in rats.
Bychkov A. V., Semenenya I. N., Putierski I. N., Serdyuchenko N. S., Barsukov A. N.
Biological backgrounds for chronosurgery. pp. 30--40
Summary: The results of botanical, zoological and medical research of effectiveness of the surgical operation SN= 7963) depending on the day and night cycle time at the moment of realisation of the given operations art formalized through the informative regression chronosurgery models. Analysis of the models revealed regularitiei that should be taken into account in chronobiological recommendations for the practical surgery.
NEUROMORPHOLOGY AND NEUROCHEMISTRY
Garkun Yu. S., Yemelyanova A. A., Denisov A. A., Zhukova N. D., Pashkevich S. G., Cherenkevich S. N., Molchanov P. G., Polenov S. A., Kulchitsky V. A.
Ultrastructural changes in the hippocampal CA1 area after application of glutamate receptor agonists and antagonists. pp. 41--45
Summary: It was found that after incubation of hippocampal slices from 3--4-week rats in artificial cerebrospinal fluid for two hours there occurred ultrastructural changes in neurons and glial cells, regarded as manifestations of responsiveness due to slice preparation. After 5-min incubation in artificial cerebrospinal fluid containing ibotenic (10-5M) or kynurenic (10-4 M) acids (glutamate receptor agonist or antagonist, respectively), structural alterations at synapses and intracellular organelles were observed. Ultrastructural alterations correlated with changes in the effectiveness of synaptic transmission.
BIOCHEMISTRY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Kuleshova Y. M., Maximova N. P., Kostyuk V. A.
Antiradical properties of bacterial siderophore pyoverdine Pm. pp. 46--49
Summary: It was found that the bacterial pigment pyoverdine Pm from Pseudomonas putida bacteria (strain KMBU 4308) inhibited effectively a superoxide-driven reduction of tetrazolium by photochemically reduced riboflavin, and therefore pyoverdine has antioxidant activity.
The antiradical activity of the pyoverdine Pm -- Fe3+ complex was also investigated. It was shown that shielding of active OH-groups in pyoverdine Pm chelating center by Fe3+-ions reduced the pigment antioxidant ability. Therefore, pyoverdine P has antiradical activity due to its chelating ability.
Sentchouk V. V., Belevich V. K.
Peroxidase oxidation of quercetin and rutin in human saliva. pp. 50--54
Summary: Structurally related natural flavonols quercetin and rutin (quercetin-3-rutinoside) were investigated in the reaction of peroxidase oxidation in human saliva. The reaction of peroxidase oxidation of flavonoles in human saliva was characterized with the methods of UV-VIS spectroscopy and enzyme kinetics, as well as applying specific inhibitors and alternative substrates of peroxidases.
Makarchikov A. F., Bettendorff L.
Distribution of specific thiamine triphosphatase in biological objects. pp. 55--60
Summary: The occurrence of specific soluble thiamine triphosphatase (ThTPase, EC 3.6.1.28) was studied in several species including mouse (Mus musculus), rat (Rattus norvegicus), pig (Sus scrofa), chicken (Gallus gallus), quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and trout (Sahno irideu). The enzyme was revealed to be distributed widely in mammalian tissues but not in the fish and birds. In addition, the BLAST search using human ThTPase cDNA open reading frame indicates that ThTPase is not coded by any of fully sequenced non-mammalian eucaryotic genomes (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Guillardia theta, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans Arabidopsis thaliana) as well as the genomes of 103 bacterial species. The results show the peculiarities in ThTP metabolizing systems within the living cells. The soluble enzyme seems to be an attribute of mammals whereas in different of organisms some non-specific phosphatases apparently fulfil the hydrolysis of ThTP.
Kubyshin V. L., Malyevskaya L. V., Gorbach Z. V.
Correction of glycemia by some carbohydrates in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. pp. 61--65
Summary: Changes in the level of glucose and total pentoses in blood and urine of rats under conditions of experimental alloxan-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were analyzed. A reciprocal ratio between glucosuria and pentosuria under development of the pathology and recovery was shown. Effects of different sugars on the level of glycemia and glucosuria were comparatively estimated. It was found that ribose-5-phosphate produced a more marked hypoglycemic effect, decreasing pyruvatemia and proteinuria.
Rusina I. M., Makarchikov A. E, Makar E. A.
Some properties of soluble nucleoside-5'-triphosphatase from the rat liver and its distribution in organs and tissues. pp. 66--70
Summary: A new soluble NTPase has been partially purified from the rat liver. The enzyme exhibits a maximal activity at pH 7.0 and shows an absolute dependence on divalent metal cations. NTPase was found to have a broad substrate specificity, being capable of hydrolyzing various nucleoside-5-tri- and diphosphates. Apparent Kmvalues for ITP and UTP were estimated to be 32.3 and 101.2 microM respectively. The enzyme is composed of a single polypeptide chain of 62 kDa as determined by gel-filtration and electrophoresis. This NTPase is widely expressed in rat organs and tissues.
Belaya O. L., Balder L. M., Kuropteva Z. V.
Effect of mexidol on the content of ceruloplasmin and transferrin in blood plasma and lipid peroxidation in patients with stable forms of ischemic heart disease with dyslipidemia. pp. 71--76
Summary: The clinical course of ischemic heart disease (IHD), changes in the ceruloplasmin to transferrin ratio in blood plasma and in lipid peroxidation processes in patients with stable stenocardia and postinfarctial cardiosclerosis upon using the antioxidant drug mexidol were studied. Mexidol improved the clinical course of IHD, decreased the level of atherogenic lipids and the lipid peroxidation intensity, increased the antioxidant status of patients. The drug can be used in complex therapy of atherosclerosis and IHD.
Dremza I. K., Maltsev A. N., Artsukevich A. N.
Changes in blood oxygen transport function and free radical processes in the liver microsomes under stress. pp. 77--84
Summary: Chronic stress decreases oxygen affinity of hemoglobin in the rat blood, thus inducing activation of freeradical dependent oxidative processes in hepatic microsomes. Accumulation of lipid peroxidation products changed microviscosity and polarity of microsomal membranes. An increase in the stress duration resulted in normalisation of oxygen affinity of hemoglobin and parameters of the physical state of membrane and enhanced the activity of the antioxidant defense system. A correlation between the parameters of the blood oxygen transport system, the activity of oxidative processes in hepatocytic membranes and their physical state was shown. The mechanisms of such correlation are discussed.
PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
Bardina L. R., Satanovskaya V. L., Pronko P. S.
Effect of clofibrate on ethanol and aldehyde metabolism in rat liver and brain. pp. 85--89
Summary: Effect of clofibrate on ethanol and aldehyde metabolism in the liver and brain of rats that received the drug intragastrically in a dose 400 mg/kg for 4 days. Clofibrate increased the activity of catalase and aldehyde dehydrogenases with high and low Km to aldehydes and decreased the activity of ethanol-oxidizing microsomal system of the liver. Administration of the drug in combination with ethanol led to the control values of the activity of the above parameters.
Vinogradov S. V., Lis R. E., Vinogradov V. V.
Effect of thiamine on involution of the thymus under stress. pp. 90--95
Summary: Cellular depletion of the thymus due to emigration of small thymocytes, rather than impaired proliferation, underlies involution of this organ in immobilization stress. The antistress effects of thiamine are realised through a reduced rate of a thymus mass decrease. After thiamine administration, even in the stress terminal phase (48 to 72 h immobilization), the rat thymus maintains to some extent its mobilizable cellular resource.
Tkachev S. V., Krasnaja S. D., Ushkov A. A., Polovinkin L. V.
Changes in ceruloplasmin, protein oxidation in blood serum and accumulation of copper in the liver of rats intoxicated with copper-containing xenobiotic. pp. 96--98
Summary: Subchronic intragastric intoxication with a copper-containing xenobiotic resulted in accumulation of copper in hepatic cells of rats. The level of accumulation of copper and the pattern of its subcellular distribution were time-dependent. Intoxication was accompanied by an increase in the content of protein oxidation products and a decrease in the serum concentration of ceruloplasmin.
BIOPHYSICS AND BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES
Pishchinsky I. A.
A choice of experimental model for evaluation of pharmacological activity of osteoplastic materials used in stomatology. pp. 99--102
Summary: Osteoplastic activity of a new dental matter was studied in experiments on 84 urethane-anesthetized Wistar male rats. Healing of the bone tissue in the control group was complicated with a local inflammation in 50% of cases, whereas inflammation-associated complications were not found in animals treated with the new matter.
Lobko N. F.
Extraction and optical properties of peprides adsorbed by blood plasma proteins and containing aromatic chromophores. pp. 103--106
Summary: A simple method for extraction of hydrophobic peptides from blood plasma was developed. It is based on desorption of these compounds from blood proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent. Optical properties of hydrophobic and hydrophilic peptides from blood plasma were studied. Hydrophobic peptides were found to have more tryptophan and less tyrosine than water-soluble peptides.
Soltanov V. V., Burko V. E.
A software for identification of potentials of individual groups of neurons. pp. 107--111
Summary: A software developed for electrophysiological identification of the activity of individual functional units (or their small groups), whether nerve fibres or neurons, is described. The total record of discharge is separated in autonomous mode of time by equal values of the amplitude and duration of the negative phase of potentials.
MEDICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICAL GENETICS
Koneva I.I., Voitovich A. M., Nadjaran L. A., Afonin V. Yu., Kotelenets A. I., Kvitko O. V.
24-epibrassinolide modifies proliferation and apoptosis of embryonic fibroblasts. pp. 112--117
Summary: Experiments in vitro showed that 24-epibrassinolide facilitated proliferation of murine and human embryonic fibroblasts. Modification of the parameters of cell culture development was accompanied by changes in the ratio of different morphological types of cells.
REVIEWS
Razumovitch J. A., Semenkova G. N., Fuchs D., Cherenkevich S. N.
Neopterin, a signal molecules in immune response. pp. 118--124
Summary: In this work, the literature data and the results of own investigations of the biological role of neopterin were summarized. An increased neopterin concentration in blood and urine was found in patients with diseases, in which a cellular immune response was activated. Besides the fact that determination of the neopterin level is an important parameter in clinical laboratory diagnosis, recent investigations showed the participation of neopterin and its derivatives in redox-sensitive metabolic pathways in cells. Thus, the neopterin synthesis by monocytes and dendritic cells is an essential step in intercellular signalling.
/ Выданні акадэміі / Навуковыя часопісы / Да пачатку старонкі
Designed and maintained by Dr. Nikolai N. Kostyukovich. Last updated: September 1, 2005
Created with assistance of Dr. Ignatii I. Korsak
Copyright © 2005 The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Copyright © 2005 News of Biomedical Sciences
